782 THE MOTOR CORTICAL CENTERS OF THE CEREBRUM. 



(7) For retraction and abduction of the foreleg. (8) For elevation of the shoulder 

 and extension of the foreleg (walking movement). The area 9 9 o controls the 

 movements of the orbicular muscle of the eyelids, the zygomatic (closure of the 



F 



FIG. 258. I, Cerebrum of the dog, viewed from above; II, from the side. I, II, III, IV, the four primitive 

 convolutions; S, the cruciate sulcus; F, the fossa of Sylvius; o, olfactory bulb; p, optic nerve; i, motor 

 point for the muscles of the nape of the neck; 2, for the extensors and abductors of the foreleg; 3, 

 for the flexors and rotators of the foreleg; 4, for the muscles of the hind leg; 5, for the facial nerve; 6, for 

 lateral wagging movements of the tail; 7, for retraction and abduction of the foreleg; 8, for elevation of the 

 shoulder and extension of the foreleg (walking movement); 9, 9, for the orbicular muscle of the eyelids, the 

 zygomatic, closure of the eyelids. II, a, a, for retraction and elevation of the angle of the mouth; b, for open- 

 ing the mouth and for the movements of the tongue (mouth-center); c, c, for the platysma; d, for opening the 

 eye. I t, The thermic center, according to Eulenburg and Landois. Ill, The cerebrum of the rabbit, viewed 

 from above. IV, The brain of the pigeon, viewed from above. V, The brain of the frog, viewed from above. 

 VI, The brain of the carp, viewed from above. (In all of these illustrations o is the olfactory bulb, i the cere- 

 brum, 2 the optic lobe, 3 the cerebellum, 4 the medulla oblongata.) 



eyelids, together with upward rotation of the eyeball and contraction of the pupil). 

 In the anterior 9 is the point for the movements of the tongue, between the ante- 

 rior and the middle 9 that for closure of the jaw. Stimulation of the points a a (II) 



