xin 



PHYLUM CHORDATA 



259 



JV 



UST 



arlb 



AST 



FIG. 933. Rana temporaria. A, the skeleton from the dorsal aspect ; the left half of the 

 shoulder-girdle and the left fore- and hind-limbs are removed, as also are the investing bones 

 on the left side of the skull. Cartilaginous parts dotted. Names of replacing bones in thick, 

 those of investing bones in italic capitals, other references in small italics, a, c. hy. 

 anterior cornu of hyoid ; actb. acetabulum ; AST. astragalus ; b. hy. basi-hyal ; C. calcar ; 

 CAL. calcaneum ; EX. OC. exoccipital ; FE. femur ; fon. ion', fontanelles ; FR. PA. 

 frouto-parietal ; HIT. humerus ; IL. ilium ; MX. maxilla ; olf. cp. olfactory capsule : ot. pr. 

 otic process ; p. c. hy. posterior cornu of hyoid ; PMX. premaxilla ; PR. OT. pro-otic ; 

 QU.JU. quadrato-jugal ; RA.TJL. radio-ulna; SP.ETH. sphenethmoid ; SQ. para- 

 quadrate ; S.8CP. supra-scapula ; sus. suspensorium ; TI.FI. tibio-fibula ; tr. pr. trans- 

 verse process ; UST. urostyle ; V. 1 , cervical vertebra : V. 9, sacral vertebra ; VO. yomer ; 

 / V, digits. B, the fourth vertebra, anterior face. a. zyg. anterior zygapophysis ; en. 

 centrum ; Im. lamina ; n. sp. neural spine ; pd. pedicle ; tr. pr. transverse process. (After 

 Howes, slightly altered.) 



