YELL OW FE VER. 403 



there are, in addition, nephritis, enteritis, albuminuria, 

 hemoglobinuria, and hemorrhages into the body-cavities. 



The dog is the most susceptible animal. When it is 

 injected intravenously the disease-process that results is 

 almost immediately manifested with such violent symp- 

 toms and such complex lesions as to recall the clinical 

 and anatomical picture of yellow fever in the human 

 being. The most prominent symptom in experimental 

 yellow fever in the dog is vomiting, which begins directly 

 after the penetration of the virus into the blood and con- 

 tinues for a long time. Hemorrhages appear after the 

 vomiting, the urine is scanty and albuminous, or there is 

 suppression, which shortly precedes death. Once grave 

 jaundice was observed. 



At the necropsy the lesions met are highly interesting, 

 and are almost identical with those observed in man. 

 Most conspicuous is the profound steatosis of the liver. 

 The liver-cells, even when examined fresh, appear com- 

 pletely degenerated into fat, this appearance correspond- 

 ing to that found in fatal cases of yellow fever. The 

 same result may be obtained by injecting the liver di- 

 rectly or through the abdominal wall. The kidneys are 

 the seat, of acute parenchymatous nephritis, sometimes 

 with marked fatty degeneration. The whole digestive 

 tract is the seat of hemorrhagic gastro-enteritis comparable 

 in intensity only to poisoning by cyanid of potassium. 



Experiments upon monkeys were also of interest, in- 

 asmuch as they demonstrated the possibility of obtaining 

 fatty degeneration more extensive than is observed in 

 man. In one case the liver was transformed into a mass 

 of fatty substance similar to wax. 



Goats and sheep are also very sensitive to the icteroid 

 virus, and the lesions described also occur in them. 



The death of a yellow fever victim is the result of one 

 of three causes: 



i. It may be due to the specific infection principally, 

 when the Bacillus icteroides is found in the cadaver in 

 a certain quantity and in a state of relative purity. 



