THE PANCREATIC JUICE. 147 



900 c.c. (Glaessner-Pfaff), while in the cow 1500 to 2000 c.c. are 

 secreted in the twenty-four hours. 



Specific Gravity. The specific gravity of the pancreatic juice 

 varies between 1.008 and 1.010, corresponding in man to the pres- 

 ence of from 2.5 to 7 per cent, of solids. 



Chemical Composition. A general idea of the chemical com- 

 position of the pancreatic juice of the dog may be formed from the 

 accompanying analysis, which is taken from C. Schmidt. I have 

 further added two analyses of human pancreatic juice which were 

 made by Herter and Zawadsky. In Herter's case an accumulation 

 of the secretion had taken place in the duct, owing to a pressure- 

 stenosis, which was produced by a carcinomatous growth ; while 

 Zawadsky's material was obtained from a pancreatic fistula which 

 had remained after removal of a pancreatic tumor. 



Of the two secretions, the first is manifestly abnormal (see below), 

 while the analytical results in the second case conform closely to 

 the figures which were obtained by Schmidt in what may be regarded 

 as the normal pancreatic juice of the dog. 



I have also appended an analysis of the contents of a pancreatic 

 cyst, which in its general composition resembles the secretion ob- 

 tained from permanent fistulse in animals. Trypsin, however, was 

 absent. Noteworthy is the low content of solids. 



Secretion from a tem- 

 porary fistula of 



the dog. 

 (C. Schmidt.) 



Water 900.8 



Solids 99.2 



Albumins, peptones, and ferments 60.2 



Organic matter, comprising leucin, tyrosin, xanthins, soaps, and fats 30.4 



Mineral constituents 8.8 



Sodium chloride 7.35 



Potassium chloride 0.02 



Phosphate of calcium 0.41 



Phosphate of magnesium 0.12 



Lime and magnesia 0.32 



Human. Human. 



(Herter's case.) (Zawadsky's case.) 



Water 975.9 864.05 



Solids 24.2 135.95 



Peptones and enzymes \ , , _ 



(no albumin) / n - 5 92.05 



Alcoholic extract 6.4 43.90 



Mineral ash 6.2 3.44 



ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENTS OF A PANCREATIC CYST (LENARCIC), 



Water 928.1 



Solids 17.9 



Organic matter 10.05 



Mineral ash 7.85 



The Ferments and their Zymogens. 



The pancreatic juice of all mammals contains three ferments, viz., 

 the proteolytic trypsin, the amylolytic amylopsin, or pancreatic 



