THE EXTRACTIVES OF MUSCLE. 
i°5 
2. Work. — During work the glycogen disappears, being perhaps 
transformed into sugar and the products of its combustion, of which 
lactic acid may be an intermediate one 1 (Weiss, Manchd, Monari). 
This loss of glycogen is shown by numerous analyses, of which the 
follow in-- Prom Manchd will Berve as a type: — 
Percentage of Glycogen in 
Limb at rest. 
Percentage of Glycogen in 
opposite Limb, which was made 
bo contract for 23-65 minutes. 
Percentage loss of Glycogen 
in Tetanised Limb. 
1 
2 
3 
0-1277 
0-2287 
0-2267 
0-114 
0-1942 
0-1917 
12-76 
15 09 
15-44 
3. Removal of liver. — Minkowski, 2 Laves, 3 and Schmelz 4 find thai 
after removal of the liver the muscle glycogen rapidly diminishes. Some 
observers, 5 however, consider that the muscles have a glycogenic 
function apart from that of the liver. 
4. Cutting the nerve of a muscle causes an accumulation of glycogen 
in the muscle so paralysed. 6 
5. Cutting the tendon of a muscle produces the same effect. 7 
6. Ligature of the artery of a muscle leads to a decrease in its 
glycogen, especially if oedema follows the operation, the accumulated 
lymph leading to saccharification (Chandelon, Blanche). 
Sugar. — During life the sugar in muscle is at a minimum : it 
increases after death as the glycogen disappears. The sugar is not 
maltose, as Nasse 8 supposed, but dextrose, as Meissner suggested; the 
work of Panormoff 10 with the phenylhydrazine reaction has placed this 
beyond doubt. Small quantities of dextrin are found as an intermediate 
product. 11 
Inosite. — The occurrence of this substance in voluntary muscle 
has been noted by Scherer 12 and Limpricht ; in unstriated muscle by 
Lehmann; and in heart muscle, where it is more abundant than in 
skeletal muscle, by Boruttau. 13 
Fat. — This is always obtained from muscle, though whether any 
occurs in the true muscular substance apart from the entangled 
adipose tissue, it is difficult to say. Dormeyer u finds that after muscle 
has been subjected to preliminary gastric digestion, ether extracts 8 - 5 
1 Weiss, loc. tit. ; Manch£, Ztschr. f. Biol., Mtmchen, Bd. xxv. S. 163 : Monari, Chcm. 
Genta-.-Bl., Leipzig, 1889, Bd. ii. S. 372. 
2 Arch. f. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol., Leipzig, Bd. xxiii. S. 139. 
3 Inaug. Diss., Konigsberg, 1886. 
* Ztschr. f. Biol., Miincben, Ed. xxv. S. 180. 
5 Prausnitz, Ibid., Bd. xxvi. S. 377 ; Schmelz, loc. tit. 
6 Chandelon, Arch. f. d. gcs. Physiol., Bonn, Bd. xiii. S. 626 ; Manche, loc. tit. 
7 E. Kranss, Virchovfs Archiv, Bd. cxiii. S. 315. 
8 "Zur. Anat. u. Physiol, der quergestreiften Muskel," Leipzig, 1882. 
9 Nachr. v. d. Tc. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch. u. d. Georg- Aug. -Univ., Gbttingen, 1861, S. 206 : 
1862, S. 157. 
10 Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem., Strassburg, Bd. xvii. 
11 Nasse, loc. cit. ; Limpricht, loc. tit. 
12 Ann. d. Chem., Leipzig, Bd. lxxvii. S. 322. 
13 Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem., Strassburg, Bd. xviii. S. 513. 
14 Arch./, d. ges. Physiol., Bonn, 1896, Bd. lxv. S. 90. 
