/'//A' AMOUNT OF HsE MO GLOB IN 
151 
Stierlin 1 found individual variations in healthy men, amounting 
to 1,650,000, and in healthy women to 2,230,000 per e.mm. E. Schiff' 2 
obtained nunc than o,T>00,000 per c.mm. in new-born children: as 
development progresses, the number 
gradually sinks to about 5, 000,000. 
There is normally no difference 
between the number of corpuscles in 
corresponding arteries and veins, pro- 
vided there exists im congestion of 
the part due to venous obstruction. 
In such a case the exudation of 
lymph from the capillaries increases 
the number of corpuscles per cent, 
in the blood of the vein. Capillary 
blood is poorer in corpuscles than 
that of the trunks, but the proportion 
varies with their width and the rate 
of the blood stream. 3 
Equally important fr >r clinical pur- 
poses, with the determination of the 
number of red blood corpusclesas com- 
pared with the normal, is the estima- 
tion of the amount of haemoglobin, 
Fig. 22. — Oliver's hsemoglobinometer. e, glass cell for receiving the blood from the 
pipette : the dilution is effected within the cell itself, a, standard graduations 
made of tinted glass. To avoid multiplying these unduly they are furnished in tens 
per cent., the intermediate divisions of the scale being obtained by superposing tinted 
glass riders in a graduated series from 1 to 9. (These riders are not represented in 
the figure). The apparatus is shown of the natural size. 
and the consequent determination of the proportionate amount of haemo- 
globin per blood corpuscle. This may be expressed as a quotient thus : — 
percentage amount of haemoglobin 100 -, t 
J — — i r. —, — = — - = l or normal 
percentage number ot corpuscles 100 
at least theoretically: practically it is found to vary in health from 
plains {Compt. rend. Acad. <>. sc, Taris, 1891, tome cxii. p. 298). "Weiss, who kept rabbits 
at high altitudes for about four weeks, ami compared them with control animals at lower levels, 
found an increase of corpuscles to the extent of 12 to 24 per cent. , but no absolute increase of 
haemoglobin in the whole body (Ztschr. f. physiol. OJiem., Strassburg, 1897, Bd. xxii. S. 526). 
1 DeutscJies Arch. f. klin. Med., Leipzig, 1889, Bd. xlv., S. 75 and 256. 
2 Ztschr. f. Heilk., 1890, Bd. xi. 
3 Cohnstein and Zuntz, Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol., Bonn, Bd. xlii. S. 303. 
