M. 



^ * * Evergreen Species. 



Plates III and IV. 



QUERCUS WISLIZENI, A. De Candolle. 



Bibliography. 



QuERCUS AGRIFOLIA, Newberry, Pac. R. Rep. vi, 32 (1857), in part. 

 QuERCUS Wislizeni, a. De Candolle, Prodr. xvi', 67 (1864). 



, Bolander, Catal. PI. San Francisco, 27 (1870). 



, Engelm., in Bot. Calif, ii, 98 (1880). 



, Kellogg, Forest Trees of Calif. 107 (1882). 



, Sargent, U. S. Forestry Rep. 147 (1884), in part. 



, Behr, Flora of San Francisco, 270 (1888). 



QuERCUS PARVULA, Greene, Pittonia i, 40 (1887). 



Description. A stately tree commonly from forty to seventy-five feet High, with 

 well rounded head and a short main trunk from two to six feet in diameter; bark black 

 and rough; leaves firmly coriaceous, smooth, dark green and shining, one to three inches 

 long, from narrowly lanceolate to oval, entire or sinuate and spinose-toothed, usually plane, 

 seldom at all concave beneath ; petioles stout, one-fourth of an inch long, or more : fructi- 

 fication biennial : acorns sessile or peduncled ; cup turbinate, often very deep and some- 

 what urceolate before maturity, covered with brown pubescent scales ; nut slender, tapering, 

 strongly marked with longitudinal lines, three-fourths to one and one-half inches long. 



Habitat. Valleys and hills of the interior, back from the coast; also upon the lower 

 slopes of the Sierra Nevada, northward to the vicinity of Mt. Shasta and southward nearly 

 throughout California. 



Remarks. The wood of this oak is hard, tough, strong and durable and of great 

 value for mechanical purposes; also making excellent fuel. Although most distinct from 

 the next species, some of our earlier botanical explorers appear to have confounded the 

 two. Professor Newberry, in the Pacific Railroad Report, must have had specimens of the 

 present oak in hand when he described the leaves of Q. agrifolia as being sometimes entire. 



