THE ANGLER AND HUNTSMAN 101 



the length and breadth of which will depend upon the size 

 of the pond, the amount of water passing through, and the 

 lay of the land. For a pond of 1 acre it may be from 75 to 

 100 feet long, but if twice as long no harm will result, as 

 more spawning room will be afforded. Generally speak- 

 ing, the raceway for such a pond should average from 4 to 

 5 feet wide, but the width must necessarily be governed by 

 the flow of water which should not be more than a foot deep 

 throughout its length. It is immaterial whether the race- 

 way is straight or crooked, but it should have a gravel bot- 

 tom over its entire length. The water level of the raceway 

 and that of the pond may be the same or different. If the 

 pond level happens to be somewhat lower, a small dam 

 should be inserted in the raceway at the point where it dis- 

 charges into the pond. The dam may be a plank 6 inches 

 high, which will insure a sufficient water depth in the race- 

 way so that fish jumping the dam will not be frightened. 

 The point where the water falls into the pond should be 

 protected by stone, to prevent washing, and there should 

 be an approach from the pond to the raceway entrance, so 

 that the fish may ascend and jump the falls, which they 

 will readily do during the spawning season. The height of 

 the dam should be so regulated that the fish will not be re- 

 quired to jump more than 7 inches in passing from the pond 

 to the raceway. 



"Commencing at the intake, the floor of the pond 

 should start from a featheredge and incline gently toward 

 the kettle in such a way that one-fourth of the bottom area 

 will range in depth from almost nothing to 2 feet. From 

 here the slope downward to the outlet must be gradual and 

 even, abrupt pockets or holes being avoided. In order to 

 facilitate drainage and to assist in collecting the fish in the 

 kettle, there should radiate from it to all parts of the pond 

 three or four shallow channels, which, for a 1-acre pond, 

 should be from 8 to 10 inches deep and from 12 to 16 

 inches wide. 



