THE SCIENCE OF CASTING A TROUT FLY 149 



In the first place this means a movement of the rod 

 backward and forward in one plane. 



In the second place it means a movement of the rod 

 backward from one plane into some other plane, and forward 

 in the new plane. 



Every variety of cast must be grouped under one or other 

 of these two principles, but the second principle, in which 

 the fly is taken from any one position and cast to some other 

 position, permits again of two methods in one of which 

 two distinct motions are made, as in the Wye cast, see p. 184, 

 and in the other the cast from one plane into some other 

 plane is made in one continuous motion, as in the Spey 

 or Loop casts. 



The casts made under the first principle are easily 

 described and drawn, as they are invariably made in one 

 plane. The great difficulty, however, of drawing diagrams 

 relating to any curved casts is that while these casts have 

 to be made in more than one plane, the artist has only one 

 on which he can show them, and for that reason the latter 

 are, diagrammatically, somewhat more difficult to explain. 



The casts which come under the first principle include the 

 Overhead cast, with extended back movement of the line, 

 the Side cast, and the Galway cast. 



The casts which come under the second principle are the 

 Wye, the Loop, the Switch, and the Spey, or any alteration 

 of a cast from one quarter to another in a single continuous 

 movement ; and any cast in which a danger has to be avoided 

 within the radius of the extended backward cast. 



First, then, we have to consider the physical efforts which 

 are required in casting. 



How TO LEARN TO CAST 



The principle of thinking out each movement should be 

 adopted when learning, but not continuously repeated for 



