DIFFERENT METHODS OF CASTING 187 



time this movement of the body has been made, the rod 

 should have risen to an angle of seventy-five degrees 

 above the water. The backward cast has now to be 

 made, and it has become a forward cast in the backward 

 direction, and is one in which the direction of the line can 

 be accurately gauged so as to avoid the danger of its being 

 hung up, the idea being to send the line either upward and 

 over the danger or to clear it to one or other side, and 

 therefore the effort made to that end naturally affects the 

 direction and the angle in which the rod is brought down. 

 Immediately the back cast is made, the body again turns to 

 its original position in order to cast the fly forward to its 

 destination, the twisting movement of the hand is reversed, 

 and, if the turning movement be not delayed, by the time 

 the line has extended itself the rod and the body will be in 

 the position shown in Plate XVII., and the forward cast can 

 then be made in the ordinary way. 



Two Plates are given showing the Galway cast being made 

 over the left shoulder, Plate XXII., to clear the photographer 

 and Plate XXIII. to clear an imaginary tree situated in a 

 similar position. The backward action has been made, and 

 the line is shown more or less extending itself to clear the 

 above-mentioned dangers. The Galway cast with the 

 double-handled rod is also illustrated. See Plates XLIII. 

 and XLIV.). 



THE SIDE CAST 



The right or left side cast is made with a precisely similar 

 rod action to the overhead cast, and both left and right hand 

 side casts can be made with either hand. The rod is brought 

 back more or less horizontally to the right or left side of the 

 body and returned in the same plane, the object being to 

 prevent the line rising to any height in the air, and is useful 

 when casting to or from under trees, under culverts, or up 

 narrow, over-grown streams. 



