CHAPTER IV 



WATER INSECTS AND THE RISE 



Description of the Ephemeridse and other water insects The 

 Ephemeridae The Trichoptera (the Caddis Fly) The Perlidae 

 (the Stone Fly) The Sialidae (the Alder) The Dipt era When 

 and where to use these flies Fly boxes and their use Flies The 

 May Fly On the patterns of Flies The Fishing Gazette and Mr. 

 Val Conson Mr. R. T. Wickham and the late Mr. David Foster 

 An interesting theory The rise A theory for the rise The 

 best time to fish The evening rise Fly fishing at night Fishing 

 by moonlight. 



WITH the exception of a few fancy variations, the flies 

 used by the trout fisherman are made to represent as 

 nearly as possible the appearance of the winged stage of 

 certain water insects which are known to the entomologist 

 as : The Ephemeridae, the Trichoptera, the Perlidae, 

 the Sialidae, and the Diptera. In order that the student 

 may be able to tell to which of the above five families the 

 flies he catches in his butterfly-net belong, it will be necessary 

 to remember the following characteristic position of the 

 wings of each family when the fly is alive and at rest. 



THE EPHEMERID^E. The wings rise upward from the 

 shoulder in vertical planes above the body, generally 

 touching each other as they rise from the body, and when 

 floating down-stream these delicate insects can easily be 

 recognized : their wings are like the sails of a fairy yacht 

 afloat on some dreamland sea (see Plate VI., Figs. 2 and 4). 



THE TRICHOPTERA. The wings run backward from the 

 shoulder, and lie alongside the body, meeting, tent-shaped, 

 at their upper edges, and gradually diverging in the 

 posterior direction (see Plate VII., Fig. 4). 



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