24 



they did not re-act to mallein, and no glanders lesions 

 could be detected in the lungs or other internal organs 

 on post-mortem examination. Many of these cases 

 proved fatal in a very short time, and for want of a 

 better name I considered that they were a form of 

 pseudo-glanders ; since then, however, I have seen a 

 case of epizootic lymphangitis exhibit very similar 

 symptoms ; the disease running a very acute course, 

 and rapidly becoming generalized, the animal had to be 

 destroyed. I often wonder if cases seen in North China 

 could, possibly, have been of the same nature, or if they 

 were due to some other organism, e.g.^ some form of 

 Pasteurella. Anyhow, whatever the disease was, it 

 caused many differences of opinion, especially amongst 

 the German veterinary officers. Mallein was, on many 

 occasions, again blamed for so-called unsatisfactory 

 results, and few seem to have recognized the possibility 

 of two diseases, i.e.^ glanders and some other disease 

 closely resembling it clinically (with which we were 

 unfamiliar), being present and co-existing in many cases. 

 The lesions on the nasal mucous membrane are 

 first noticed in the form of small papules or pimples, 

 which rapidly form into vesicles and burst, forming a 

 well-defined ulcer with a raised edge and dug-out 

 centre as seen in Plates XIII and XIV. They are at 

 first isolated, but later become confluent, and tend to 

 extend to the cartilage of the septum nasi, causing the 

 mucous membrane to become discoloured and greatly 

 thickened by exuberant granulations, at times forming 

 a kind of polypus, which interferes with the respira- 

 tions and causes snuffling. In advanced cases the 

 cartilage becomes spongy and the nasal bones necrosed. 

 Enlargement of the submaxillary glands may, but does 

 not necessarily, as is stated in glanders, accompany nasal 

 symptoms, i.e.^ it is not constant, and frequently does 



