BOTANICAL TERMS. 



27 



The form of corolla peculiar to plants of the Pulse Family is 

 known as 



Papilionaceous (Fig. 131): it consists of five petals; an 

 upper large one (the standard), two side ones (the icings). 

 and two lower ones which are united together to form 

 the keel. 



Finally, both gamopetalous and polypetalous corollas 

 may have one or more petals prolonged into spurs at the 

 base (Fig. 130). 



Adhesion. 



Hypogynous: when inserted on the receptacle, under the 

 ovary and free from it (Fig. 132, c). 



Perigynous : when inserted on the calyx (Fig. 133, c.) 



Epigyxous : when inserted on the top of the ovary (Fig. 

 134, c). 



The corolla should be further described by giving the 

 shape, colour and size of the petals, using the ordinarj^ 

 terms. 



In describing the flowers of monocotyledons having a 

 coloured perianth, use the following terms for cohesion : 



PoLYPHYLLOUS : when the pieces of the perianth are entirely' 

 separate. 



Gamophyllous : when the pieces of the perianth are united. 



For adhesion, use the terms superior and inferior, as 

 explained above for the calyx. 



Estivation. 



This term is applicable to both calyx and corolla, and means 

 the mode in which these organs are folded in the bud. 

 It is 



(a) Valvate, if the edges of the parts meet without 

 overlapping (Fig. 135), as in the calyx of Mallow. 



(b) Convolute, if the members of a set overlap so that 

 each has one edge covered and the other uncovered (Fig. 

 136), as in the corolla of Mallow. 



(c) Imbricate, when the members of a set overlap so 

 that at least one piece has both edges uncovered and at 

 least one piece has both edges covered (Fig. 137), as in 

 Apple. 



(d) Plicate or plaited, applied to the folding of gamo- 

 petalous corollas. The plaits may overlap in the convo- 

 lute manner, as in Fig. 138 ; they are then said to be 

 supervolute. 



standard 



wing 



Fig. 131. 



Fig. 132. 



Fig. 133. 



Fig. 134. 



Fig. 135. 



Fig. 136. 



Fi?. 137. 



Fig. 138. 



