BOTANICAL TERMS. 



31 



Note that the esseutial parts of the pistil are the ovary 

 or seed-bearing part, and the stigma whicli receives the 

 pollen. 



The style is often wanting, and then the stigma is 

 sessile. 



An exceptional pistil is found in (jyninospermcus plants 

 like the Pine. Here the ovules are not enclosed, but are 

 attached to the inner face of an open leaf or scale, the 

 scales forming a cone (Figs. 167, 168, 169). 



Cohesion. 



Apocarpous : when the carpels are not united together in any 

 way (Fig. 159). 



Syncarpous : when the carpels are grown together in any 

 degree (Fig. 160). They may be united merely at the 

 base of the ovary, or to the top of the style. 



Adhesion. 



Superior: when entirely free from the calyx (Fig. 132,/), 



as in Buttercup, Shepherd's Purse, etc. 

 Inferior : when surrounded by the calyx-tube which grows 



fast to it (Fig. 134, /), as in Apple and Fuchsia. 



THE OVULE. 

 Definition. 



Ovules are the bodies which, after fertilization bj' the pollen, 

 develope into seeds. 



Placentation. 



By this term is meant the arrangement of the placentas, or 

 projections in the interior of the ovary upon which the 

 ovules grow. Placentation is 



(a) Marginal, in a simple pistil like that, of Pea, the 

 placenta being on one seam or suture (Fig. 158). 



(b) Axile or Central, when the pistil is compound, and 

 the dissepiments meet in the centre of the ovary (Fig. 160. ) 



(c) Parietal, when the compound ovary is one-celled 

 and the ovules are borne on the walls (Fig. 161). 



(d) Free Central, when the ovary is one-celled, and 

 the ovules are borne on a column which rises from the 

 bottom of the cell (Figs. 170, 171). 



Parts of the Ovule. 



Funiculus : the stalk b^- which the ovule is attached to the 

 placenta (Fig. 173,/). If this stalk is absent the ovule 

 is sessile. 



Primixe : the outer coat of the ovule (Fig. 172, ai). 



Secuxdixe : the inner coat (Fig. 172, ii). 



Micropyle : the minute opening through the two coats (Fig. 

 172, m). 



Fig. 167. 



Figs. 170. 171. 



Fig. 172. 



