BOTANICAL TERMS. 



35 



(b) Gourd or Pepo, a modified berrj', having a hard 

 rind, as in Pumpkin, S(.]Uash, etc. 



(d) Ponie, a fleshy pseudocarp, the product of a sj'n- 

 carpous pistil, in which the fleshj' layer consists chiefly 

 of an enlarged calyx-tube, as in Pear and Apple (Fig. 

 19(5). 



(e) Aggregated Fruit, a clustered and coherent mass 

 of carpels, the product of a single flower, as in Rasp- 

 berry (Fig. 197). 



(f) Multiple Fruit, a clustered and coherent mass of 

 carpels, each carpel being the product of a .separate 

 flower, as in Pine-apple. The cone of the Pine may 

 be regarded as a dry multiple fruit (Fig, 198). 



(g) Accessory Fruit, one in which the most con- 

 spicuovis part is neither a part of the pistil nor com- 

 bined with it, as in Strawberry, where the conspicuous 

 part is onh" the enlarged and brightlj' coloured receptacle, 

 the true fi'uit consisting of the achenes which dot its 

 surface (Fig. 199), and in Sweet Brier, where the fleshy 

 outer part is a calyx-tube lined with a hollow receptacle 

 which bears the true fruit (achenes) on its inner surface 

 (Fig. 200). 



THE SEED. 



Definition. 



The seed is the mature ovule, and is speciallj^ characterized 

 by the presence of the embryo or young plantlet. 



Parts 



Integument : formed by the development of the coats of the 

 ovule, and consisting of an outer and an inner laj^er. 



(a) Testa, the outer layer (Fig. 206). 



(b) Tegmen, the inner layer (Fig. 206). 



In connection with the integument note 



(1) The Funiculus, ah-eady defined when describing 

 the ovule. 



(2) The Hilum, or scar where the funiculus was 

 attached. 



(3) The Micropyle, a minute opening through the 

 integument. 



Also the following special appendages : 

 (1) Aril, an outgrowth of the funiculus or placenta, 

 forming a more or less fleshy covering outside the true 

 integument of certain seeds, as in the Climbing Bitter- 

 Sweet and the White Water Lily (Fig. 201). 



Fig. 196. 





r 



Fig. 197. 



Fig. 198. 



Fig. 199. 



Fig. 200. 



—Aril 



Fig. 20L 



