40 



OLu'^.'iAJxi ul- 



Bracts (or Scales) oi Involucre, 



Ni;m»kr ok Rows : state the exact number, unless very 

 numerous. 



ARRAXUEMKXT ok St^ALES : 



(a) Imbn'i;if,,f. in ^mvriil rows ;ni(l overlapping 

 (Fig. 233). 



(b) Refiexed, turned backward, as in Dandelion (Fig. 

 229). 



(c) Appressed, closely pressed together. 



(d) Squarrase, with the points widely spreading (Fig. 

 233). 



Texture : 



(a) Herbaceous, green and leaf-like. 



(b) Scarioun, thin and membranaceous. 



Shape : use the ordinary leaf terms. 



GRASSES. 



The^*e plants also require several special terms for their complete 

 description. A few of the most necessary are given here. 



Inflorescence. 



In nearly all cases the inflorescence is a panicle, that is, an 

 irregularly branched raceme, and the panicle is either 

 loose and open, as in Meadow-grass (Fig. 238), or dense 

 and closely packed as in Timothy and Foxtail. 



SriKEi.ETs: the small separate clusters of flowers which 

 liermakeup the panicle (Fig. 239). In some cases 

 1' re is but one flower in the spikelet. 



Outer fti,i;Mh>i: the pair of bracts at the base of the spikelet 

 ' Fig. 240). Note their shape and relative size. 



Inner Oi.imfx or PAI.frrs : the pair of chaff-like bracts 

 eudosiMu each particular flower (Fig. 242). 



.\WT«8: h- •' '-.ofl appendages sometimes funml mi the 

 glmn ... Li (Fig. 242). 



Lajdktt I - "'"all hyjK)g}'nous scales next to the stamens, 

 <■ . found in tnass-flowers. 



Culm. 



This is The name of th^ stem (F^ig. 238). It is usually hollow 

 ♦^ ^ -. The culms may be tufted or single, 



fti. . "^ '^or characters can be described 



hv t. 1. 



Fig. 234. 



Fig. 235. 



Fig. 237. Fiir. 236. 



