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PRACTICAL EXERCISES. 



1- — Examine and record, with drawings, the modes of vernation in six different plants. 

 2.— Compare the leaves of Red Maple, Silver Maple, aud Sugar Maple, niakint: drawings. 



3. — Compare the leaf-clusters of the White Pine, Red Pine, and Tamai-ack. 



4. —Determine the phyUotaxis in six different plants. 



5. — Make a cross-section of a cluster of the leaves of the Blue Flag, near the base. Make a drawing 



of the section. 



'^. — Examine buds of the following, with special reference to protective coverings : Lilac, Spruce, 

 Horse-chestnut, Beech, Poplar. Make notes of what j'ou observe. Where bud-scales are 

 present examine their inside surfaces. 



~. — Compare the climbing apparatus of the Pea with that of the Bean. 



8. — Compare as to mode of growth and ramification the stems of the Apple-tree and the Pine. 



9. — Make vertical sections of the eye of a Potato, an Indian Turnip, and an Onion, and make draw- 

 ings of the sections. 



10. — Make vertical and cross-sections of three different buds. Draw the sections. 



11.— Examine the prickles of a Bramble and of a Galium. Are they hooked downwards or upwards? 

 Of what .service are they to the plants? Give reasons for your opinion. 



12.— Examine the ends of shoots of the Lilac towards the close of summer. Note the replacement of 

 the terminal bud by two lateral ones. Examine these again late in the fall. 



13.— Examine tendrils of the Grape-vine and Virginia Creeper, noting any difference in their mode 

 of action. 



1-i.— Examine the twining stems of the Hop and the Morning Glory, noting differences. 



15.— Detach bulblets from the axils of the leaves of the Tiger Lily, and plant them. Record results. 



16.— Cut with a knife into the stems of an exogen and a woody endogen (Bamboo, for example). 

 Note and account for any difference in the difficulty of cutting through the outer surface. 



17.— Examine and record, with drawings, the modes of aestivation in six different flowers. 



18.— Draw floral diagrams of six different flowers, and write out the formulas. 



19. —Compare the head of the Thistle with that of the Red Clover. 



