Key to the Families or Orders. 



ViOLACE.E. — Corolla 1-spurretl. Stamens 5. Pod 



with 3 rows of seeds on the walls 17 



Balsaminace.e. — Corolla 1-spurred, the spur with 



a tail. Stamens 5. Pod bursting elastically . 27 



PoLYGALACE.E. — Lower petal keel-shaped, usually 

 fringeil at the top. Anthers 6 or 8, 1-celled, 

 opening at the top. Pod 2-celled 32 



Legcmixos-e. — Corolla mostly papilionaceous. 

 Filaments often united. Ovary ■'imple, with 

 one parietal placenta. Leaves compound .... 33 



■i--i- Corolla regular, or nearly so. 



1. Calyx superior {i.e., adherent to the ovary, 

 wholly or partially). 



fa) Stamens perigynozts (inserted on the calyx). 



Crataegus, in 



RoSACE-f;. — Shrubs. Stamens occasionally from 5 



to 10 only. Leaves alternate, with stipules. 



Fruit drupe-like, containing 1-5 bony nutlets. 

 Saxifragace-E. — Leaves opposite or alternate, 



without stipules. Styles or stigmas 2 ; in one 



instance 4. Ovary 1-celled, with 2 or 3 



parietal placentae 



Hamamelace.e.— Shrubs. Stamens 8; styles 2. 



Flowers yellow, in autumn 48 



Halorage.*:. — Aquatics. Stamens 4 or S. Styles 



or sessile stigmas 4 49 



OxAORACE-E. — Flowers symmetrical. Stamens 2, 



4, or 8. Stigmas 2 or 4, or capitate 49 



38 



46 



Melastomaceje. 

 pore at thf 

 stigma 1. 



LYTHRACE.i:.- 



really fr'' 

 sets. J 



CUCCRBITA' 



moucec 

 (b) Stame: 



■•^.e' 1-celled, opening by a 

 :ainens 8. Style and 



fiple 51 



/irently adherent to, but 

 ,i)vary. Stamens 10, in 2 

 / whorled 51 



/il-bearing herbs. Flowers 

 52 



s (on the ovai-y, or on a disk which 

 vers the ovary). 



Euonymui, 



Celastracea -isnrub, with 4-sided branchlets, 

 not climbing. Leaves simple. Pods crimson 



when ripe. Calyx not minute 30 



Umbellifer^. — Flowers chiefly in compound 

 umbels. Calyx very minute. Stamens 5. 



Styles 2. Fruit dry, 2-seeded 53 



Akaliace.e. — Umbels not compound, but some- 

 times panicled. Stamens 5. Styles usually 



1 more than 2. Fruit berry-like 56 



I Corn ACE.E.— Flowers in cymes or heads. Sta- 

 mens 4. Style 1 "^^ 



2. Calyx inferior {i.e., free from the ovary). 

 (a) Stamens hypogynous (on the receptacle). 



CRrciFER^.— Petals 4. Stamens 6, tetradynamous. 



Pod 2-celled 12 



Ci.stace.*:. — Petals 3. Sepals 5, very unequal ; or 



only 3. Pod partly 3-celled 18 



Dkoserai'E.*:. — Leaves radical, beset Avith reddish 



glandular hairs. Flowers in a 1-sided raceme 19 



Elodes, in 



Hypericace.s:, — Leaves with transparent dots. 



Stamens 9, in 3 clusters 19 



Caryophyllace.e. — Styles 2-5. Ovules in the 

 centre or bottom of the cell. Stem usually 

 swollen at the joints. Leaves opposite 21 



Llsace^;. — Stamens 5, united below. Pod 10- 



celled, 10-seeded 25 



Geraniace.*;. — Stamens 5. Carpels 5, — they and 

 the lower parts of the 5 styles attached to a 

 long beak, and curling upwards in fruit 26 



OxALiDACE.fi. — Stamens 10. Pod 5-celled. Styles 

 5, distinct. Leaflets 3, obcordate, drooping 

 at night-fall 27 



Ericace-E. — Anthers opening by pores at the top, 

 or across the top. Leaves mostly evergreen, 

 sometimes brown beneath ; but in some in- 

 stances the plant is white or tawny 85 



(b) Stamens perigynous (plainly attached to the calyx). 



Saxifragace^e. — Leaves opposite or alternate, 

 without stipules. Styles or stigmas 2 ; in one 

 instance 4. Carpels fewer than the petals ... 46 



CrassuLtVCE.e. — Flowers si/nj/neirico/. Stamens 10 



or 8, Leaves sometimes fleshy 48 



Lythrace.e. — Stamens 10, in two sets. Ca yx 

 enclosing, but really free from, the ovary. 

 Leaves mostly whorled 51 



(c) Stamens attached to a fleshy disk in the bottom of the 



calyx-tube. 



Anacardiaceje, — Trees, or shrubs, not prickly. 

 Leaves compound. Stigmas 3. Finiit a 1- 

 seeded drupelet 28 



Celastrace.e. — Twining shrub. Leaves simple. 



Pods orange when ripe 30 



Sapi.vdace.e. — Shrubs, or trees. Fruit 2- winged, 

 and leaves palmately-veined. Or, Fruit an 

 inflate<l 3-celled pod, and leaves of 3 leaflets. 

 Styles 2 or 3 31 



(d) Stamens attached to the petals at their very base. 



Claytonia, in 



PoRTr lacace.e. — Sepals 2. Leaves fleshy. Style 



3-cleft 23 



Aquif()LIACE.e. — Shrubs, with small axillary 



flowers, having the parts in fours or sixes. 



Fruit a red berry-like drupe. Stigma sessile. 



Calyx minute 90 



II. GAMOPETALOUS DIVISION. 



Corolla with the petals united together, in however 

 slight a degree. 



