Art and Science 



to think and reason continually the more and 

 more fully for having done so, will common 

 sense permit us to suppose that they could 

 neither think nor reason at all till they could 

 convey their ideas in words ? 



I will return later to the reason of the 

 lower animals, but will now deal with the 

 question what it is that constitutes language 

 in the most comprehensive sense that can be 

 properly attached to it. I have said already 

 that language to be language at all must not 

 only convey fairly definite coherent ideas, but 

 must also convey them to another living being. 

 Whenever two living beings have conveyed 

 and received ideas, there has been language, 

 whether looks or gestures or words spoken or 

 written have been the vehicle by means of which 

 the ideas have travelled. Some ideas crawl, 

 some run, some fly ; and in this case words are 

 the wings they fly with, but they are only 

 the wings of thought or of ideas, they are not 

 the thought or ideas themselves, nor yet, as 

 Professor Max Miiller would have it, insepar- 

 ably connected with them. Last summer I 



was at an inn in Sicily, where there was a 



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