LINGUISTIC AND TRIBAL AFFINITIES 15 



these words from an Indian, but this error is easily rectified. Mr. 

 Whipple's linguistic material collected on this expedition was analyzed 

 by Professor William W. Turner and printed in the Expedition's report 

 upon the Indian tribes. 1 In this report the Comanche, Chemehuevi, 

 and "Cahuillo" vocabularies are printed in comparative columns under 

 the title "Shoshonee." A comparative vocabulary was also published, 

 embracing twenty-eight " Cahuillo " words, together with an equal 

 number from Mr. Hale's "Kizh" and " Netela," and from a manu- 

 script vocabulary of the Indians at San Luis Rey mission, procured by 

 Hon. John R. Bartlett, while engaged upon the Mexican Boundary 

 Survey, and called by him the "Kechi."* Professor Turner's conclusion 

 in regard to the Comanche, Chemehuevi, and Cahuillo, was that 

 the natives who speak these languages belong to the great Shoshone or Snake 

 family : which comprehends the Shoshones proper of southern Oregon, the 

 Utahs in the region around the Great Salt Lake and then extending south and 

 west the Pah-Utahs, west of the Colorado and the Indians of the missions of 

 southern California, the Kizh (of San Gabriel), the Netela (of San Juan Capis- 

 trano), and the Kechi (of San Luis Rey), and on the south and east the 

 Comanches of the prairies. 3 



To these collections of Lieutenant Whipple and the analysis of Pro- 

 fessor Turner is due also the establishment of the Yuma linguistic 

 family, including the Mojaves, Cuchans, Maricopas, and Diegeno 

 Indians, and the connection of the Diegeno Indians therewith. 4 A 

 vocabulary of the Diegenos, furnished by Dr. Coulter, had already been, 

 as we have seen, 5 published in the eleventh volume of the Royal Geo- 

 graphical Society's Journal, and the paper of Mr. Latham " On the 

 Languages of New California" 6 attempted to classify the Indians of 

 southern California on the basis of De Mofras' Paternosters ; but that 

 the Diegenos were close kin to the tribes of the Gila and Colorado 

 rivers seems not to have been suspected previous to Mr. Turner's dis- 

 covery of the relation. 



From 1853 to 1859 the linguistic connections of these Indians excited 

 the interest of Dr. Johann Buschmann. This learned philologist, 

 searching for traces of Aztec speech among the Indian languages of 



1 Ibid., chap. 5, " Vocabularies of North American Language," pp. 71-77' 



2 In his Personal Narrative, Vol. II, p. 92, MR. BARTLETT speaks of his visit to the San Luis 

 Rey mission and of " an old chief" who was quite communicative of information and furnished a " vocab- 

 ulary He called his tribe the Kechi." This vocabulary contains twenty-eight words. 



3 1 bid., p. 76. 



4 The vocabularies for this analysis were collected by Lieutenant Emory in 1854, while engaged on 

 the Mexican Boundary Survey, and are printed in the reports of that expedition. 



5 Supra, p. n. 6 Supra, p. 12. 



