21 



IMPORTANT BY-PRODUCTS. 



Samples of the important by-products, beet pulp both in a dr}^ and 

 in a fresh condition, and the lime-cake fertilizer, can also be found in 

 cases Nos. 6 and 7. (See PL I, frontispiece. ) The lime-cake fertilizer is 

 prepared by drying and grinding the filter-press cake, which consists 

 of the insoluble matter removed from the carbonated juice by nitra- 

 tion. The sample exhibited has the following chemical composition : 



Composition of the lime-cake fertilizer sent by American Beet Sugar Company, 



Chino, Cal. 



Per cent. 



Phosphoric acid (P 2 O 5 ) --- - 35 



Potash (K 2 O) : _. 2.30 



Lime (C a O) 41.65 



Carbonic acid 23.20 



Nitrogen . . _ .17 



Equivalent to ammonia (NH 3 ) 21 



The most important by-product of the beet-sugar industry, partic- 

 ularly from the standpoint of the farmer, is the exhausted beet pulp, 

 which forms a most excellent stock food either in a moist or in a dried 

 condition. The pulp as it comes from the battery contains approxi- 

 mately 95 per cent of water, but a considerable part of this is removed 

 by passing the pulp through some form of continuous press (pi. 35 of 

 the exhibit). The pressed pulp contains 85 to 90 per cent of water. A 

 load of pressed pulp therefore contains about twice as much food 

 material as does the same weight of the unpressed pulp. Recently 

 some of the factories in this country have been equipped for render- 

 ing the pulp still more suitable for transportation by drying it in 

 especially constructed drying plants until only about 10 per cent of 

 moisture remains in it. Samples of both fresh and dried pulp are 

 shown in cases Nos. 6 and 7. (See PL I, frontispiece). The American 

 farmers have been slow to utilize the exhausted beet pulp for feeding 

 purposes. Its use, however, is being extended every year, and doubt- 

 less within a short time none of it will be allowed to go to waste. 



The sample of dried sugar-beet pulp exhibited was made at the 

 factory of the Bay City Sugar Company of Bay City, Mich. Its chem- 

 ical composition was as follows : 



Composition of dried sugar-beet pulp. 



(1) Results of analyses made to determine food value: Per cent.' 



Moisture 9.56 



Fat 99 



Protein (nitrogen X 6.25). 7.13 



Fiber 18.30 



Ash.. .,.. 3.73 



Digestible carbohydrates, etc. , by difference 60. 29 



(2) Results of analyses made to determine fertilizer value: 



Nitrogen . 1.14 



Equal to ammonia. - 1. 38 



Phosphoric acid (P 2 O 5 ) .34 



Potash (K 2 O) .19 



