PULMONARIiE. 313 



feed, pierce them with their sting by directing it forwards, and then 

 pass their prey through their chelicerae and jaws. They are particu- 

 larly fond of the eggs of Spiders and of Insects. 



The wound occasioned by the sting of the europceus is not usually 

 dangerous. That of the Scorpion of Souvignargues, of Maupertius, 

 of the species which I have named Roussatre (occitanus), and which 

 is larger than the preceding one, according to the experiments of 

 Dr. Maccary courageously tried upon himself, produces serious and 

 alarming symptoms ; the older the animal the more active seems to 

 be the poison. The remedy employed is the volatile alkali, used 

 externally and internally. 



Some naturalists have asserted that the European species produce 

 two generations in the year. That which appears to me to be the 

 most unequivocally ascertained occurs in August. The female in 

 coitu is laid on her back. According to Maccary she changes her 

 teguments previous to the production of her young. The male ex- 

 periences a similar alteration at the same epoch. 



The young are produced at various intervals. The mother carries 

 them on her back for several days, during which time she never 

 leaves her retreat, and watches over them for a month, when they 

 are strong enough to establish themselves elsewhere, and provide for 

 their subsistence. Two years are required to qualify them for con- 

 tinuing their species. 



Some have eight eyes ; they form the genus Buthus of Leach. 



S. afer, L., Fab.; African Scorpion, Roes., Insect., 3, Ixv; 

 Herbst., Monog. Scorp., 1. Five or six inches long, and of a 

 blackish brown ; forceps large, cordate, rough and somewhat 

 hairy; anterior edge of the thorax deeply emarginate; thirteen 

 teeth to each comb. From the East Indies, Ceylon. 



S. roussatre ; S. occitanus. Amor. ; S. tunetanus, Herbst. 

 Monog. Scorp. Ill, 3 ; Buthus occitanus, Leach, Zool. MiscelL, 

 cxliii. Yellowish or reddish ; tail rather longer than the body, 

 with elevated and finely crenulated lines. Upwards of twenty- 

 eight teeth — fifty-two to sixty-five, Maccary — to each comb. 

 From the south of Europe, Barbary, &c. — Veiy common in 

 Spain. 

 The others have but six eyes ; they compose the genus Scorpio, 

 properly so called, of the same naturalist. 



5. europceus, L., Fab.; Herbst. Monog. Scorp., Ill, I, 2. 

 Brown, more or less dark ; legs and last joint of the tail paler or 

 yellowish; forceps cordate and angular ; nine teeth to each comb. 

 From the extreme southern and eastern departments of France. 



ORDER II. 



TRACHEARIiE. 



The Arachnides which compose this order differ from those of the 

 preceding one in their organs of respiration, which consist of radi- 



