Good's Caustic Potash Whale Oil Tobacco Soap. This material is 

 the same as that considered above, with the addition of tobacco, and 

 was prepared and applied in the same way. The results were the 

 best of any obtained with soaps, 53.8% of the trees treated being 

 entirely freed from scales. As only a small amount of this material 

 was available, however, but few trees could be treated with it, and 

 the results are less reliable for that reason. Others have reported 

 that it appears to injure the trees, but no such effect was noticed 

 here. 



Bowker's Insect (Soda Whale Oil) Soap. This material was tried 

 for the purpose of comparing soda and potash soaps. It was not 

 recommended for use against the scale by the manufacturer, who was 

 in doubt as to its value for this purpose as compared with potash 

 soaps but was glad to have it tested. It was prepared and applied 

 like the potash soaps but dissolved more quickly. The effect of 

 this treatment, while more satisfactory than with Good's Potash 

 Soap was not equal to that with Bowker's Tree Soap, 40.7% of the 

 trees being freed from scales. 



Adler's Agricultural Soap. This substance was prepared and used 

 like those already considered. In solution it was very frothy and 

 during spraying great bubbles would form and fly some distance if 

 the wind was blowing. It gave less satisfactory results however, 

 than most of the other soaps, only 33-3% of .the trees being freed 

 from scales. 



Crude Pretroleum. From this substance which has been highly 

 recommended by some experimenters, much was expected. That the 

 oil must be of at least 43° Beaume to be safe for use on the trees, is 

 the general opinion, and oil to meet this requirement was therefore 

 ordered. When it arrived, however, it tested but 41° and was applied 

 with some hesitation, but no injury developed among the nearly one 

 hundred trees treated. 



The oil was applied with a Kerowater barrel pump which shortly 

 before its use had been in the hands of the manufacturers who had 

 thoroughly overhauled it and had sent it back as being all right. In 

 spite of this, however, it proved totally unreliable, for when set to 

 give 30% of oil, it would often vary as much as 15% each way ftom 

 this, and that too, while the pumping was continuous. As the stream 

 emerged from the nozzle it was noticeable that the oil and water 



