70 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Sept. 19, 1828, 



the driest, the cheapest, ami the most couvenieut. 

 Others prefer having the kitchen in a wing, at- 

 tached to the liouse. 



ing in the garden should ahv«3's be considered as 

 of inferior consideration to tlie business of the 

 farm ; and on no account ought the farmer's at- 



A farm-house ouglit not only to be convenient, tentiou to be materially drawn off from his crops 



but should have such a degree of neatness and 

 uniformity that an idea of comfort and happiness 

 may bo given. It sliould liave a little jilat of gar- 

 den ground or shrubbery cither before or behind 

 it. In the latter case it is placed more distant 

 from the effluvia of the duug-hiil. In the former 

 the out houses, laborers, ami catlle are more im- 

 mediately in sight. The windows should be large 



of grain and grass. 



SEA WEED A MANURE FOR ONIONS. 



Sir John Sinclair says " Sea weed, where it can 

 be procured, is an excellent manure for garden 

 crops, in particular for onions." And in the Gen- 

 eral Report of Agriculiure in Scotland, vol. ii. page 

 94, it is observed that " When sea-weed could be 



and the sashes placed rather nearer the outside of; l>aJ at Kirkaldy, at a reasonable rate the crops of 



the wall than is usual ; because, if wet, they will 

 in that case, sooner become dry. The house 

 should be at a moderate distance from the, other 

 farm buildings, not oidy for the sake of purer air, 

 but that the risk of setting the buildings on fire, 

 by sparks from the chimnies of the house nia\ be 

 avoided. This is another argument in favor of 

 plachig the garden between the house and the 

 farm buildings. 



Manv an industrious farmer has obtaim^d the 



onions were remarkable for their pioduce." 



YOUNG FRUIT TREEi*. 



Sinclair says, it cannot be too strongly inculcat- 

 ed, that to permit young fruit-trees to be.ar fruit, 

 for some years, is eventually to de essential injury 

 to their future fruitfulness and duration. 



LOCUST TREE INSECTS. 

 A gentleman has sent us (preserved in spirits) 

 an insect, found in the locust tree. I r is the well 

 known destroyer, for whose extirpa'.ioi. the Mass. 

 Agri. Society have offered a prcniiiuu 'pf til'ty dol- 

 lars. It is described at length in the Mass. Agri. 

 Repos. vol. v. page 67, and drawings of the insect, 

 showing its a])pearance in the several stages of its 

 existence are there given. By the writer of the 

 article referred to the insect is denoujinated Cos- 

 sus robinia ; and the following is a part of his de- 

 scription : "The general color of the larva is red, 

 approaching that of the cherry, paler towards the 

 sides, deeper towards the middle of tiie back, and 

 in each segment there are several tubercles of a 

 reddish chesnut color, from each of which arises 

 a small bristle. The under side of the body is pal- 

 er, and of a dull white, very shghtly tinged with 

 red. The head is chesnut colored, the teeth very 

 dark, and almost black. It has sixteen feet, or 

 eight pairs. Three pairs of these are placed in 

 the three first segments of the body ; these are 



character of being a bad husbandman, from hav- [ tioned by Sir John Sinclair, who says in sub- 

 ing been unguardedly led to exhaust his capital stance that there are not less than 8000 acres in 



CULTIVATING A GARDEN WITH A 

 PLOUGH. 



Field gardens cultivated by the plough are men- 1 terminated by a single claw, as in all caterpillars, 



60 much on buildings, as to disable him from ap- 

 plying an adcfjuate proportion of it to the purchase 

 of proper stock or to the cultivation of the soil. 

 And it may be laid down as a maxim, that though 

 a farmer is well entitled to accommodations, in 

 proportion to the size and produce of his farm, 

 yet to erect these on a larger scale than circum- 

 stances require is wasteful prodigality. Above 

 all, increasing the expense by making ornamental 

 erections cannot be too cautiously avoided. 



PROFITS OF GARDENING. ■ 



It is .stated in Berk's Report, that near Devizes, 

 and ■ other towns in Wiltshire, (Eng.) many fami- 

 lies .subsist by occupying from two to five acres as 

 garden ground. The soil is sandy, and apphed 

 to the produce of esculent vegetables for the con- 

 sunii)tion of the neighboring towns and villages. 

 So ])roductivc are gardens, when well managed, 

 that tliree brothers, who followed the art of gar- 

 dening, supported as many families, very decently, 

 and gradually acipiired some wealth, by the culti- 

 vation of about five acres of land. 



all, cultivated in the neighborhood of London, 

 principally by the plough instead of the spade. — 

 A garden cidtivated in that manner m y contain 

 an acre with advantage. By substiiuting the 

 plough for the spade, the work will require less 

 attention ; the necessity of having a professed 

 gardener accustomed to digging will be prevent- 

 ed, and a considerable expense saved. 



BANKING UP HOUSES. 



The best mode of banking up houses, so as to 

 keep frost from cellars, and render the lower 

 rooms warmer than they vvouUI be otherwise, is to 

 set single boards on edge, parallel with, and about 

 a foot and a half or two feet from the sills or 



Four other pairs are placed in the 6th, 7th, 8th, 

 and 9tli segments and the 8th pair in the last di- 

 vision of the body," &c. 



The writer of the article from which the above 

 is extracted suggests no remedy for the ravages 

 of the insect. But the New England Farmer, vol, 

 iii. page 382, has the following remarks on the 

 locust tree borer : "A horticulturist tells us that 

 he has preserved his locust trees against the bor- 

 er, which has almost annihilated that fine tree in 

 this part of the country, by first j)robing the holes 

 made in the tree by the insects with a small fiexi- 

 ble.vvire, a little hooked or curved at the end, in- 

 troduced into the tree. With this he destroys or 

 extracts as many worms as possible. He then 

 with a small syringe, injects into their holes strong 



SOAPER'S WASTE. 



Sir John Sinclair asserts that soajjer's waste 

 used in moderation by itself, or in a compost with 

 earth, is an excellent manure for garden soils. — 

 This substance not only destroys insects and their 

 larvie, but consisting princij>ally of calcareous mat- 

 ter, every spe<-ies of vegetables is greatly im- 

 |)roved in quality, where it is ajtplied. 



sleepers of the house-and fasten them i„ that /^o^P-s'^'-^^^hich i.uss a finishing hand to their 

 position by pins or stakes, driven into the ground, j execution. j 



Fill in a layer of dirt between the boards and sills, j The following extract from a report by a Com- 

 and over that place a layer of straw or other fitter. ; mittee of the Essex .ligricuttural Soeiety, will show 

 Then place boards flat-wise, or nearly horizontal- j that this insect, though injiuious is not always 

 ly, descending a little from the house so as to shed j fatal to this valuable tree : 



rain, and carry it over the boards placed eilgewise 

 as stated above. The straw or litter will ettectu- 



"An objection to the cultivation of the locust 

 tree is o(\en brought from the fact that th'ey,^are 



ally prevent the frost from penetrating your cellar | s„,„etines destroyed by worms. This is true- 

 to spoil your vegetables. Next to a smoky house, I bui the ravagesof this insect are found to be 



and a scolding wife, a freezing cellar is earnestly 

 to be deprecated, and if possible, avoided. 



SUMMER-MADE MANURE. 



Many cultivators waste nearly all the manure, 

 wlfich their cattle make in the summer time by 

 mismanagement. Their cow-yard is large, and 

 the droj)pings of their cattle are spread in thin 

 layers over a large surface. Of course they are 



FARMER'S GARDENS. 



A garden, under a proper svstein, is a most val 

 uable ac(iuisition to a farmer, "with a view both to «ist dried through and through by the sun, and 

 comfort and economy. Many culinary articles { secondly, washed away by the rains. ^^ Cattle 

 may be obtained from a well cultivated and sliel 



tered garden, which cannot i)e raised in the field. 

 cr will not grow in exposed situations, with equal 

 luxuriance and perfection. Attention, likewise, 

 should be paid to the sowing of different articles 

 at various seasons, by which an earlier and a 

 more equal, as well as more regular supply for 

 the table, may be obtained. It is also of use to 

 emiiloy a piece of ground in a garden, for raising 

 cabbages, Swedish turnips, and other plants to be 

 afterwards transplanted into the fields. The ref- 

 «!Se of the garden may be given with advantage 

 to pigs, and milch cows. At the same time, vvork- 



lould be yarded in summer in a small spare 

 Their manure, once or twice a week, at least, 

 should either be ]ilouglied in or mixed with soil, 

 for compost — placed under cover — shovelled into 

 heaps and covered with earth, or in some way 

 secured agamst the robbery of the elements. A 

 farmer would be thought crazy, who should ex- 

 pose his cattle-fodder to the weather itir month.s, 

 before he made use of it ; and he cannot be in 

 his right mind, if he suffers his manure, (which is 

 the hearts-blood of agriculture) to be sucked up 

 by the sun — drizzled away by the rain, or tossed 

 about by the lour winds of heaven. 



greatest >vherc the trees are few and scattered. — 

 In the grove on this farm, [that of Dr. Nichols of 

 Daiivers] which extends over a number of acres, 

 and in the other groves in this vicinity, but vci 

 few of the trees are at all injured by worms. Tl' 

 objection is by no means sufficient to authorize tir 

 neglect of their cuUivation." See N. E. Farnn 

 vol. iii. page 147. 



" ^'' Economt/ in Money Matters.— "Yht suliscriliers 'o ihe New 

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 the invariable price. The advance pajmeuls are now due. — \ 

 word to the n-isc, is wcrlll a whole vocabulary- 1') the otha-wiu. 



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