Vol.VlI.— Ko.il. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



83 



WHITLOW— Aou> to treat it. 

 This disease is otlen a severe affliction to hard 

 working men, surli as farmers. It orig-inates from 

 bruises or punctures wliich inflame the muscles, 

 tendons, or nKiul^ranes Vieneath the slsin ; tliese 

 swellings, whilst the liard tough skin of the fingers 

 remains uuj'ieliiinw, cause the greatest pain, and 

 extension of it up tlie arm. Tlie thick skin of 

 the fiiiijers also prevents any exudation or escape 

 of the purulent m.Ttter, and thus the bone becomes 

 di.seased, and a joint is often lost. Persons with 

 «of't lingers are seldom attacked. An artificial 

 and similar disease may be formed at any time by 

 winding a string round an inflamed finger, or by 

 sewing it up in a piece of unyielding leather. In 

 this case the most stupid person would think only 

 «f cimin? the string or lipping the leather, and 

 yet it is rarely that yon see a physician go to work 

 in this lational m.i'iner. He must first salve it 

 with ointment, which is just as likely to make a 

 cure as the treariing on it, that is practiced by 

 ignorant people before it becomes intolerable — by 

 such practices and such neglect, the disease of it 

 runs on till nature makes a gap, and the phj'sician 

 modestly charges for what another has done. The 

 proper remedy is simple and easy — lav open the 

 thick skin, tlie whole length of the swelling, and 

 dress the finger for one or two days with a soft 

 poultice of bread and milk, and then lay lint on 

 the wound -, a little red precipitate ointment may 

 be necessary, where the proud flesh does not sup- 

 purate freely. The writer of this has relieved a 

 great many jiersons without the loss of a joint, 

 and has followed no other plan for twenty years. 



MEDICUS. 



charge the foam ; this done, bottle it for use ; let 

 the person afi'ected, take a large spoonful of the 

 vinegar in about a gill of boiling water, or as hot 

 as he can drink it, until he finds rehef. It will 

 effectually remove the cause, (says the recipe) al- 

 though the patient may be so far relaxed and ex- 

 hausted as to die with weakness. The same re- 

 meily is said to to be excellent in the common 

 cholic. 



THE FORMATION OP ANTHRACITE COAL. 



It has long been a desideratum with the scien- 

 tific, to obtain further data on which to form opin- 

 ions concerning the formation of coal in mines. — 

 If we mistake not some light is thrown on the 

 subject, at least so fai- as relates to the anthracite 

 beds and mountains in thi.s country, by a discove- 

 ry accidentally made in this city, among some 

 coal from the Peach Orchard mine, on the Schuyl- 

 kill river. Mr. Reeve, who keeps his coal fnr sale 

 at his office in Canal street, and at the comer of 

 Murray and Washington streets, has found, with- 

 in three or fom- days, two masses which r< ntaiu 

 lumps of a sidistance resembling charcoal in all 

 its exterior qualities, and which we have no doubt 

 is charcoal. We have seen specimens in which 

 tbe anthracite appears to pa.ss almost impercepti- 

 bly into charcoal, and others where the division 

 line is clearly drawn — in some the charcoal is dis- 

 seminated in spots, in others traversed by veins of 

 hard, shining anthracite, while what seems the i 

 upper surface, presents an unbroken shell of an- 

 thracite. In one case, we were assured, the beaii- 

 tifvl play of colors, for which the coal from that 

 mine is so remarkable, extended into the charcoal. 

 In specimens which we have seen, the fibre of the 

 wood is perceptible — sometimes coarse, like that 

 of chesnut : sometimes separating at an smrle, as 

 at' the sprouting of a branch , and sometimes fine 

 and undulating, like the grain of an old maple 

 ■M Y. Daily Mv. 



Rail-roads are increasing in England. — "We 

 Jiave before us animating accounts of the open- 

 ing of the Lancashire,( England,) Bolton and Leigh 

 Rail-road." A large concourse of persons attend- 

 ed and partook of a prepared repast. We must 

 reserve tlie details for another day, having at jJies- 

 ctit room only for a short extract or two which 

 follow. 



Opening of the Bolton and Leigh Rail Road. — 

 Yesterday, this great and useful undertaking being 

 nearly completed, the road was opened in form, 

 by the passage over it of a chained row of coal 

 carriages, some of which were tastefully fitted up 

 for the reception of a select company of the friends 

 of the proprietors, drawn by a locomotive steam 

 engine. 



We venture to announce this as one of the most 

 important and decisive triumphs of modern sci- 

 ence. 



Attached to this locomotive engine were seven 

 wagons, elegantly embroidered inside, strongly 

 and heavily built, each co-itiiiiiug a steward and 

 a dozen to eighteen per.sons, male and females. — 

 Linked to the last of t;;ese»wagons was a ponder- 

 ous vehicle, a coach Sicioiigiiig to the Liverpool 

 and Manchester Company, built on the French 

 diligence system. It is intended to carry sixteen 

 iusides and four outsides ; but on this occasion 

 there were at least a do^eii on the roof. Imme- 

 iliately after came six more wagons, also filled 

 with company ; the last one containing the mem- 

 bers of the B(dton old band, who played various 

 national airs and marches at intervals. 



A belief was entertained and expressed, that 

 Rail-Roads with locomotive engines would super- 

 sede the use of Canals in England. — Penn. Gaz. 



Dying cotton blue. — Take one pound of good in- 

 digo, boil it ill middling strong ley for two hours, 

 pour oft' the ley, and rince the indigo with a little 

 water, then grind the indigo in a clean pot with a 

 cannon ball, or something similar, till its begins to 

 turn to mud. Pour in a little water, and wash 

 out all that is mud into a clean bowl and so con- 

 tinue till all the indigo is converted to mud. Take 

 three pounds of shell lime, slack it in about two 

 ouarts of milk-warin water, in a clean bowl by 

 itself. Take one pound of good green copperas, 

 melt it with milk-warm water, also in a bowl by 

 itself. Have a stand similar to a churn, prepared 

 with ten gallons of clean water in it, into which 

 pour your three different bowls of ingredients at 

 once. Commence churning, with a common churn 

 staff, immediately ; churn about half an hour, or 

 till the water turns a yellow green color. Just 

 before you finish churning, throw into your stand 

 a full tea-spoonful of powdered yellow arsenic — 

 let it stand twenty-four hours and it is fit for use. 

 When you have dyed about half a pound of 

 thread,* you must churn a little, and let it stand 

 two hciurs before it is fit for use again. Boil the 

 thread in clean water before you dye it, to cleanse 

 it, and let it be dampened with warm water before 

 you dip it. Make use of rain or soft water in all 

 your process. 



* Which is tlone hy passing the lianks of thread over your 

 hands, letting: it hang in the dyej which maybe repeated al 

 small intervals after the thread is nearly dried. 



Tortoise shell. — Few of the tender .sex, it is to 

 I be presumed, are aware of the barbarous method 

 j by which this highly priced article is obtained. 

 When tlie tortoise is caught by the Eastern Islan- 

 ders, it is suspended over a fire kindled immediat- 

 ly after its capture, until such time as the effect 

 of the heat loosens the shell to such a degree, that 

 it can be removed with ease. The animal now 

 stripped and defenceless, is set at liberty, to re- 

 ! enter its native element. If caught the ensuing 

 I season, or at any subseipient period, the unhappy 

 i animal is subjected to a second ordeal of fire, but 

 I rewards its captors this time with a very thin 

 ! shell. 



The Belchertown paper mentions that apples 

 are so plenty in that town, that the price of cider 

 will hardly pay for the labor of making it. In this 

 vicinity there is far from being such an abund- 

 ance, and cider bears a high price. We must 

 have a railway. If there was one at this mo- 

 ment, running through or near Worcester and 

 Belchertown, the farmers of the latter place would 

 not be obliged to see their apples rotting under 

 the trees. They would easily find a market, and 

 a profitable one. — Worcester Yeoman. 



trunk.- 



Ciire for the hilinus rhoHr, rind the dnienteri/. By 

 Dr. Vffhrr, of Connerlirnf. — Di^^olve in keen vine- 

 par as much common table salt, as will, when put 

 into an open bottle, ferment and wiik itself clear. 

 The bottle should be nearly full, that it may dis- 



To convey fish.— A crumb of bread is to be soak- 

 ed in brandy ; and W'hen swelled, the fish's mouth 

 is filled therewith, into which a half glass more of 

 the spirit is then to be poured. The fish remains 

 motionless, and as if deprived of hfe, in which 

 state it is to be wrapped in fresh straw, and after- 

 wards in cloth. In this condition they may be 

 kept, or conveyed to any distance for eight or ten 

 days. When arrived at the place of destination, 

 they must be unpacked, and thrown into a cistern 

 of water, where they remain a quarter of an hour, 

 or .sometimes an hour without shewing any sign 

 if life ; but at the end of that time they disgorge 

 very abundantly, and recover their life and ordin- 

 ary motions — Archives of Useful Knoichdgc. 



An experienced farmer of Shawangunk, (says 

 the Ulster Sentinel) recommends what is called 

 the hurley weed, as an effectual cure for the slab- 

 bering of horses — they will Cat it readilj^, (he says) 

 and a handful or two will put a stop at once to 

 the disagreeable and debihtating malady. 



How to pickle walnuts. — Scald slightly, and rub 

 off the first skin, of a hundred large walnuts be- 

 fore they have a large shell ; this may easily be 

 ascertained by trying them with a pin. Put them 

 in a strong, cold brine — put new brine the third 

 and si.xth days, and take them out and dry them 

 on the ninth. Take an ounce each of long pep- 

 per, black pepper, ginger, and alspice : a quarter 

 of an ounce of cloves, some blades of mace, and 

 a table spoonful of mustard seed — bruise the whole 

 together — put into a jar a layer of walnuts — strew 

 them well over with the mixture, and proceed in 

 the same manner til) all are covered. Then boil 

 three quarts of white wine vinegar witli sliced 

 horse radish and ginger, pour it hot over the wal- 

 nuts and cover clo.se. Repeat the boiling of the 

 vinegar and pour it hot over, three or four days, 

 always keeping the pickle closely covered ; add 

 at the last boiling a few cloves or garlic, or shalots. 

 In five months thev v ill be fit for use. 



