NEW ENG1.AMB FARMER. 



Published by John B. Russell, at JVb. 52 JVorth Market Street, (at the Jigricultural Warehouse) — Thomas G. Fessenden, Editor. 



VOL. VII. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 30, 1829. 



No. 28. 



HORTICULTURE. 



FRUITS NEAR BOSTON. 



The following is an extract of a letter written 

 by a gentleman in Dorcht ster, and accompanied 

 some scions sent to Mr Buel, of Albany. We 

 have obtained ])ermission to copy it as an article 

 of interest to horticulturists generally. — Ed. 



The Barllett Pear is a fine, large, melting pear, 

 rather larger than the St Michael, not quite so 

 much pear shaped, but fuller near the stem ; the 

 complexion yellow, resembling St Michael, and in 

 taste also ; comes in eating one to two weeks 

 sooner, will not keep so long ; a constant bearer, 

 not over loading, but full enough ; makes strong 

 and good wood, and much of it ; bears well in the 

 country, not subject to blasts. This pear, with all 

 its good properties, stands with me among the 

 best varieties. I have had it in bearing for three 

 years, and do not alter my opinion. I have no 

 doubt it is one of the new varieties from France, 

 though we cannot find it described or figured in 

 any books from Europe. I remember when Mr 

 Brewer imported from France, a lot of trees. I 

 presume this pear was with them ; still it is very 

 strange others have not had any. It is called 

 BartUtt Pear, because the gewtleman so named, 

 owned the place, when it came into notice ; lie is 

 a neigl.bor of mine. I should judge the two trees 

 were from eighteen to twenty years of age. The 

 pear sells high, sometimes $8 per bushel, and is a 

 favorite with the niarketmen. 



St Galen Pear, one of the new varieties sen; 

 from the Horticultural Society of London, to S.G. 

 Perkins, Esip bore with me, this season, nbout 

 half a dozen, on a three years old scion, size mid- 

 dling, and very fair, color yellowish green, flavor 

 sprightly, rich, good, and melting. It makes 

 strong and good wood ; leaves of t!ie tree long 

 and narrow, resembling St Geiniaiti in appear- 

 ance, as also do the branches — comes in eating 

 from middle of September to first of October. 



The Amory, or Gibson, or .'Indrews Pear, (stL- 

 Fessenden's New American Gardener. The ar- 

 ticle on Fruits in Mr Fesbe.\df>'s New Amer- 

 ican Gardener, was written by the Hon. Jon.-s 

 Lowell ; I consider it a faithful description, very 

 judicious, and worth, alone, more than the price 

 of the whole book.) This is a fine, rich, melting 

 pear, complexion green, resembling the Jargonelle 

 in color, not quite so much pear shaped, but full- 

 er and rather larger, and more melting ; a good 

 bearer in the country, not subject to blasts ; tree 

 grows and looks like the Jargonelle ; comes in 

 eating in September, will not keep long ; growing 

 in good esteem here, and much sought for by our 

 marketmen. Sold readily at market last fall, at 

 five and six dollars per bushel. 



Cassiomont Ptur, (see Fessenden's New Ameri- 

 can Gardener, s'lould have been jninted Cupiav- 

 ■mont] one of Mr Kkigiit's presents, but one oi 

 Profe.-sor Van Mo.vs' seedlings. Tliis pear will 

 be one of our very best varieties ; the size is over 

 jniddling, red on one side, and yellow the other : 

 form, more like a Pound Pear, or Golden Beurrc 

 — the appearance is very handsome ; juio> and 

 quite melting, more sprightly than St Michael, and 



better keeping pear, hangs longer on the tree. I 

 have only had one year's experience with this 

 fruit ; having about fifty on two trees last fall ; 

 comes into bearing very soon, my scions only 

 three years old, were quite loaded. The tree is 

 uncommonly thrifty, wood very good and large — 

 ripens last of September, and keeps in eating 

 through October, some of them keep till even the 

 middle of November. 



S. Downer's native mazard Cherry (see Fessen- 

 den's New American Gardener.) Fruit is large 

 as the Black Heart, but more the shape of the 

 Honey Heart, color light red, flesh middling hard, 

 flavor very good and sprightly — a constant and 

 great bearer; tree does not run up like the maz- 

 ard, but formed more as the May Duke — ripens 

 late, same time as the little common mazard ; on 

 this account renders it more valuable ; it stands 

 high with the niarketmen, sells well, and com- 

 mands a good price. I planted the stone about 

 twenty years since, the tree has never been mov- 

 ed. 



I expect a new pear (see New England Farm- 

 ei, Oct. 3d, 1828) called Heathcoi Pear, will come 

 into high favotiWith us. I have not seen it my- 

 self, but MessrsLowELL and Perkins have tast- 

 ed it, and jironounced it a very fine and excellent 

 pear. Their favorable opinion is a good passport 

 for its being a superior fruit. 



CUCUMBERS. 



The best way to obtain good seed, is to plant a 

 few hills for the purpose, and select for seed such 

 cucumbers as are well shaped and spring within S 

 inches of the root. Those which grow near the 

 root will not be so large, as those at some distance 

 from it ; but the seed will be better and produce 

 fruit so<mer. Much of the seed that is planted, is 

 from cucumbers which are allowed to ripen, 2, 

 3, or 4 feet from the root — the first and best, be- 

 ing, generally, picked for the table. 



The same observations, with a little variation, 

 are applicable to Peas, Beans, and Squashes. If 

 we wish for early peas, beans, cucumbers, and 

 squashes, we must select the seed which is pro- 

 duced nearest to the root, or the first that conies 

 to perfection. One great cause by which many 

 " run out" their vegetable productions, is the inat- 

 tention to the goodness of seeds. Better give 50 

 cents for an ounce of good seed, than to plant the 

 poor free of cost. 



The Russia Cucumber is early, well flavored 

 and productive. They should be planted at some 

 ' distance from other species, in order to preserve 

 their purity. 



BUDDING STONED FRUIT. 



Mr Fessenden — With pleasure I answer the 

 inquiries of your correspondent, a " Lover of Good 

 Fruit," relative to budding " on stoned fruit," in 

 the spring. 



Ill the spring of 1828, when the sap vras in ac- 

 tive motion, and as soon as the bark would easily 

 separate from the wood, (the day not recollected) 

 I took a few buds from an old rareripe and jilac- 

 ed them in the usual way of T budding, into 

 young peach trees, one year old, cutting oflT the 

 stocks, about 3 inches above the inoculation. I 

 succeeded beyond my most sanguine expecta- 

 tions, and do not now recollect, that I lost a single 

 bud. The trees grew well and have a thrifty ap- 

 pearance. I also at the same time, bj" way of ex- 

 periment, however, took from a peach tree a few 

 cuttings or scions, 3 or 4 inches in length, having 

 3 or 4 good buds on each, and grafted them into 

 some peach stocks of one year's growth, in the 

 following manner: — First cut the scions on one 

 side sloping to a point about an inch and an half, 

 and then proceeded in the mode of T budding, 

 and lastly cut ofi" the stock about three inches 

 above the insertion of the scion. These I lost ex- 

 cept one, which did well and grew vigorously, but 

 was at last broken off by a strong wind. The 

 vegetative process was not so far advanced in the 

 buds and scions used as that in the stocks. 



This is the first and all the knowledge that I 

 ever hud of budding "on stoned fruit" in the 

 spring ; and I consider it an acquisition of some 

 '.mportance, as somelinies the buds of the summer 

 inoculation are destroyed by the succeeding win- 

 ter, or by insects, in which case the trees may be 

 rebudded in the spring and little or no time lost 

 as to their growth. R. GREEN. 



Mansfield, Jan. 20, 1829. 



for the new ENGLAND FARMER. 



ATTENTION TO FRUIT TREES. 



Mr Fessbnden — As there are, no doubt, innu- 

 rnerable insects, in embryo, now. upon our fruit 

 trees, which have been deposited there during the 

 past sea.son, and which will be ready on the re- 

 vurti of the warm .rays of the summer's sun, to 

 burst forth ii:t(> life and to commence their work 

 of depredation, it is certainly important that their 

 numbers should be lessened as much as ])ossible ; 

 and for this end I would recommend a strong de- 

 coction of tobacco, say one pound to a gallon of 

 water (sti-ilks and sweepings of tobacco will answer 

 the purpose,) let it remain in cold water a week 

 or more, then add the same quantity of very strong 

 soap suds, and with a coarse cloth wash the trunk, 

 and larger limbs of your trees, once or twice in 

 March or April, and it will cflTectually destroy 

 every insect with which it comes in contact, and 

 the tree will exhibit a beautiful and thrifty appear- 

 ance fur the remainder of the season. If the bark 

 has become rough and foul it should be scraped 



I before the wash is applied. Let this course be 

 adopted, and the individual will be anijily repaid 

 for the few hours labor which it will cost. Nor 



j is his attention here to cease, for no sooner does 

 the tree put forth its beauty in the spring, than 

 swarms of busy beings of various sha|)es are ready 

 to claim their right of inheritance ; but by early 

 attention they may witliout much trouble, be re- 

 moved and destroyed. The last season was a re- 

 markable one for the great number and variety 

 of insects, of which the appearance of our trees 

 gave sad evidence. It was observed that the 

 common span worms were very numerous and des- 

 tructive. When they first make their appearance 

 they are in a cluster within the com]>ass of one 

 leaf, and by timely attention they may be remov- 

 ed with the leaf and at once destroyed, but if left 

 but a few days they will spread abroad over the 

 tree, and it will be next to impossible to subdue 



