234 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Fell. 13, 1829. 



scientific men, and jnofessed ei^ineers, that on ! oxide of tin Cpi«/ms s/ajnii'J is found at most apolh- 1 trunk and brandies have besides been shielded 

 the most level i)art of the contenn>lated rail road ' ecaries' shops— and is to be had at 6 to V2 cts per am! jirotectcd from the winds and snn by their sen- 

 from Boston to Albany, or about tbree-tifths of , oz. In 1821, I had an ounce, of which I have iors of the forest. In their new situation they are 

 the whole distance, a single horse will draw 1 1 or i constantly made use for my own strap and several exposed to both, the heat of the latter being accu- 

 12 tons at the rate of 20 miles a day. That on , others— and now more than one-third the quan- j mulated by the reflection of its rays from pave 

 about two-fifih [larts of the same road two horses tity still remains unused. Whoever has once en- 

 only will be recpiired to draw the same loail at joyed the luxury of a razor skilfully applied to a 

 the same rate. But, on turnpikes, as generally i strap well prepared in this manner, will never be 

 constructed in the I'nited States, two horses can \ content with any other, 

 rarely draw more than 14 cwt. each including the 



weight of the wagon. In other words the jinwer 

 of a horse on the proposed railway in its steepest 

 part if compared with the power of a horse on a 

 common tmiipike is as 14 cwt. to five and an 

 half or six tons. 



(To he continued.) 



nECLAIMED LANDS. 



I had intended to notice the subject of reclaim- 



ments, walls, &c. 



Hoots are to the plant what the mouth is to the 

 animal — they are the organs of absorption or mas- 

 tication. For want of the usual supply of juices, 

 through these, the sap vessels which convey the 

 food to the leaves, are no longer disturbed, but 

 become contracted and callous ; and the I'lanl 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BEE MOTH, BEANS, RAZOR STRAPS, &c, 

 JMr EurroR — 1 am a practical farmer. In my 



perfect and gratifying results — and because too 

 they may not readily occur to every one to whom 

 book of minutes, detailing and elucidating the they may be useful. At a moment of more leis- 

 uscful results to w Inch my experience has led, ' ure I will endeavor to enter into detail upon this 

 there are, perhaps, some items, which may be of: subject. 



ing land, and to present some ideas and plans L-.^j,,,^ m^y j|,g „n,2z|ed ox in a rich pasture. For 

 which my want of success in my first essay led | „..,„( ^f ,i,g f^od which smrounds, and which is 

 me to investigate and adopt— and which I 'lave ' ,p^,|||p,j ^^^ nourish them, but which neither can 

 never seen mentioned or adverted to in the vari- ! j,,,.,^,^ ^^^^ p|a|,^_ i-,|.g jijp animal, must die. 

 ons articles on this subject which have appeared i •yf^^ New-Yorkers are like the novices who fre- 

 in your columns. Those plans are,perhaps, worthl upptiy a,,piy at nurseries for trees that will bear 

 recording as they have uniformly led to the most U.,,;, ,;,j, j^^^i y^^^_ -pjjpy ^elen ''lose which are 



R. 



service to your readers. 



BEE MOTHS. 



The sagacity of man enables him to discover 

 the peculiar habits, which instinct leads the sub- 

 ordinate creation to adopt for self preservation, 

 and bis inventive faculty frequently suggests to 

 him, some mode, by which the distinctive habits 

 of such as are noxious may be conducive to their 

 destruction. Thus we discover that instinct 

 teaches the Bee moth to secrete herself during the 

 day, in the corners of the hive. All, therefore, 

 necessary to be done, is to take sncb advantage of 

 this fact as that this most pernicious enemy shall 

 rush to its own destruction. For ibis purpose let 

 the orifice of the hive be 4 inches wide, and one 

 inch high. At the commencement of the season 

 for the moth, place a shingle on the bottom or 

 floor of the hive. Yon will find in the morning 

 that almost every moth has taken refuge under it. 

 They are thus readily des|)atchcd. This is the 

 tnode I have practised with my own bees, and not 

 a single hive has ever been injured. 



A THRIFTT BEAN. 



In the summer of 1827, I discovered among my 

 bush beans a single vine remarkably thrifty, and 

 throwing out runners. I erected a pole at the 

 place, and the vine was trained upon it. It grew 

 during the summer with the utmost luxuriance and 

 beauty, attracting notice from every passing trav- 

 eller. When arrived at maturity it presented a 

 complete congeries of pods. 



beans from the vine was 1223, and the weight of 

 IJ lbs. In the 



have had, this fall, ]528| lbs. or 1,495,729 beans 

 — anil in the autumn of 1829, 1,869,661J- lbs. or 

 1,829,276,567 beans. 



Southington, Con. Feb. 1829. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARfllER. 



HORN AIL IN CATTLE. 



Mr Fessenden — I found the receipt in your 

 paper, of January 9tli, for the cure of the horn ail 

 to be ineflectual, by experiment on an ox, last 

 April. In the month of October, one of my o.xen 

 in high flesh, ajipeared to be unwell, refused to 

 eat but little, and soon became so weak as to reel 

 in walking, breathed very hard, and discharged 

 such immense quantities of putrid matter from his 

 nose, that we supposed the internal parts of his 

 head ^vere perishing. By the advice of a large 

 owner of cattle, I freely applied spirits of turpen- 

 tine on the top of the head, along the roots of his 

 horns, for a nuiuber of days with apparent suc- 

 cess, as he soon began to feed well, and in a few 

 weeks I sold him for market. It is a severe rem- 

 edy, throwing the animal into extreme agony. 

 Yours respectfully, 



THOJiAS IIAZEN. 



J\ronvich, Feb. 1, 1829. 



From the New York Farmer. 



ORNAMENTAL TREES IN NEW YORK. 



Mr Edit.or — The learned and respected Cor- 

 responding Secretary of the Horticultural Society, 

 has ascribed the failure of the ornamental trees, 

 which have been annually planted in your parks 

 The' number of '""' ^^''^^^^ by hundreds, to the circnmstanccs of 

 their having been planted too deep. As he is pro- 



same ratio of increase I should , '"^^■^^'^''b' »■ st"'l«"t "' "'« ^d'""' °f pl'.vsiology, I 



beg leave to suggest to him three other causes, 

 which I apprehend have been more fatal than the 

 one he has noted. They are 



1. The ill adaptation of trees taken from the 

 forest to insulated and open exposures. 



2. The want of fibrous roots to supply food ; 

 and 



3. The want of leaves to elaborate this food, 

 and convert it into aliment for the tree. 



Trees growing in the forest have, first, a bad 

 system of roots ; those are few in number and ex- 

 tended in length, and are necessarily very much 

 shortened and diminished in taking up. The 

 fibres, which supply food to the trees, are mostly 

 left behind, or dried up ere they are planted. The 



RAZOR STRAPS. 



Take a common strap either new or old. — 

 Spread a small quantity of oil evenly on the side 

 you wish cflicient. Then spriid<le on the same 

 side a very little white oxide of tin. Rub it over 

 the whole surface carefully with the finger. The 

 fine dust will adhere to the strap. Th« coarser 

 parts may be removed by the breath and the fin- 

 ger. This forms the best ])0ssible strap — as it is 

 an admitted fact, tliat this is of all others the stib- 

 stance best adapted for this purpose. The white 



unreasonably large, generally, I should judge, from 

 the forest. They cannot wait for tlie slow but 

 smc operations of nature ; but are disappointed in 

 their atteiupts to counteract her law's. To coun- 

 terbalance the diminution which the roots of their 

 large trees necessarily undergo, they reduce the 

 top to a corresponding size, by lopping off the 

 branches, and with luost of the leaf-buds destined 

 and essential to convert the sap into aliment.— 

 Thus the natural circulation, which can alone im- 

 part health and vigor, is nearly destroyed; and if 

 the plant lives, it must struggle fur years, ere its 

 organs and growth regain their pristine vigor. 



I never knew death to ensua from planting a 

 tree a few inches lower in the earth than it for- 

 merly stood ; and I have now in my grounds an 

 apple tree and a pear tree, living and growing, ' 

 which have had from 18 to 24 inches of earth 

 round their trunks for twelve months at a time.— 

 Plants will not die from partial inhuniaiion of their 

 stems, otherwise the hilling of our corn and pota- 

 toes would destroy these valuable crops. 



The remedy for the evil complained of, will be 

 found in the selection of smaller trees, from nur- 

 series or cultivated grounds, where they are fur- 

 nished with better roots than those from the for- 

 est — and when they can be taken up with their 

 roots more entire ; to have them grouted when 

 taken from the ground, and their roots kept moist 

 till replanted — and in leaving their branches near- 

 ly entire for the first year. With these precau- 

 tions and good iilanting, forty-nine out of fifty 

 would live and grow. 



Those of your readers who have been in Phila- 

 deli)hia, Troy, Ithica, and Cortland, cannot have 

 failed to remark the beautiful and comfortable ap- 

 pearance which ornamental trees give to the 

 streets of those cities and villages; nor to have 

 learnt, if they made the inquiry, that these trees 

 were put out wlien of reasonable size, and suffered 

 to retain their llndis and lungs. Two good stakes, 

 or scantling, set in the gronnil, with a few strips 

 of boaid nailed transversely, make an efiicient and 

 often neat protection. 



Dec. 14, 1828. J. BUEL. 



CULTURE OF THE VINE IN THE CRI- 

 MEA. 



The valley of Sondaksk, especially towards the 

 east, is said to be one of the most enchanting 

 scenes in the world, and America, Silieria, Italy, 

 and Caucasus are said to ofler nothing more de- 

 lightful. What adds to its charms and its celeb- 

 rity, is the success which has there attended th« 



