Vol. VII.— No. 31. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



245 



of our cultivated flowers — at the .same time that 

 the many heaulifiil speciuiens of native plants 

 wliiih have been brought to their notice subject- 

 ed to ruUivation in several of the gardens of our 

 nienibers, is a gratifying proof that the rich mine 

 of our indigenous flora has not been neglected. 

 On reviewing the proceedings of the past season 

 I of exhil)ition, tlie committee perceive abundant 

 I cause of congratulation to the Society. The 

 mendters are advancing with vigor, harmony, and 

 sncce.ss, in promoting the objects of the in.stitution ; 

 and the influence widcli their labors must exert in 

 the community, cannot fail to have the most salu- 

 tary effects in eliciting improvements in liorticul- 

 tural science generally. 



The following is the list of meniben? to whom 

 the premiums are due for the several articles ex- 

 hibited before the committee, viz : 



E. H. Warner, Best Hyacinths. 



Daniel Pbelan, Early Potatoes. 



" Early Cucumbers. 



John Curr, Early Peas. 



" Carrots and Beets. 



" Lima Beans. 



" Brocoli. 



D. Phelan, Largest Cauliflower. 

 T Kinnersley, Early Cabbage. 

 Wni. Curr, Largest Lettuce. 



" Best Celery. 



Mich!. Floy, Knight's Marrow Peas. 



George Still, Cicbory. 



Ingle Ficke, Late Carrots. 



" Savoys. 



Francis Cooper, Strawberries. 



W[n. Neale, Gooseberries. 



E. H. Warner, Apricots. 

 Alex. Snnth, Peaches. 



" Pears and Plum*. 



Wm. Wilson, Muskmelons. 



Alex. Smith, Grapes. 



Wm. Phclaii, Best Carnations. 



They recommend that a discretionary premium 

 be awarded to the foUosving gentlemen, for arti- 

 cles not specified as subjects of competition : 



Mr Andrew Parmentier, for the great variety of 

 grapes cultivated by him ; Mr Peter Aymer, for 

 fine quinces ; Mr Floy, for raising 5 new sorts of 

 seedling Camellia japonica ; MrD. Phelan for new 

 seedling Geraniutns. 



Messrs Hogg, Wilson, Prince, Saltus, Thorne, 

 and Mrs Griffith, for the number and variety of 

 choice and rare plants exhibited. 



Premiums for the following articles are offered 

 by the Society, for the year 1829 : 



FLOWERS. 



Polyanthus, Auriculas, Carnations, Pinks, Tu- 

 lips, Hyacinths. The days of exhibition to be 

 fixed by the Inspecting Committee. 



VEGETABLES. 



Cucumbers, Best pair, earliest forced. 



Peas, " 1 quart last Tuesday 



in May. 

 Cabbage, " 4 heads, do do 



Potatoes, " half peck, do do 



Beets, " 6 roots, second Tues- 



day in June. 

 Carrots, " 6 roots do do 



Celery, " 6 plants, last Tues- 



day in Jul}'. 

 Lima Beans, (earliest,) " -2 quarts in i)od9. 



For a native hardy grape to give a good wine. 



For the best seedling apple for makitig cider, 

 the specific gravity of which must exceed 1,090 ; 

 also for table use. 



The day for exhibition to be fixed by the In- 

 specting Committee and ]>iddisbed. 



Discretionary premiums will be awarded for 

 flowers, vegetables, or fruit, presented by mem- 

 bers, or others, when rare and of excellent sorts. 

 FRANCIS COOPER, Chairman. 



Mw York, Jan. 27, 1829. 



Mode of growing Early Potatoes in the M)rth of 

 Lancashire. — Put the potatoes in a room, or other 

 convenient warm place ; about the 2d of Febru- 

 ary, cover them with a woollen cloth for about 4 

 weeks, then take it off, and by so doing you will 

 make the sprouts much stronger. Towards the 

 latter end of March, set them, covering the sprouts 

 about two inches deep. If the sprouts be about 

 two inches long when set, the potatoes will be 

 ready in 7 or 8 weeks afterwards. A gentleman 

 who had a green-house, adopted the following 

 plan: He placed the potatoes in the green-house 

 in turf mould or peat earth, in the begintnng of 

 February, and kept them well moistened with 

 water ; he planted them in the open air about the 

 end of March, on a warm border, leaving about 

 half an in<-h of the points of the sprouts above the 

 ground, and protected tliem dm-ing nights by cov- 

 erings of mats. By this plan he was able to have 

 new potatoes about the beginning of May. It is 

 considered a very material thing to get the pota- 

 toes well sprouted before they are planted. 



ALBANY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The Albany Ilorticuliural Society met agreea- 

 bly to adjournment, on Thursday eveidng, the 

 15th inst. Hon. Alfred Conkling from the Com- 

 mittee ajipointed for that purpose, reported a con- 

 stitution and by-laws for the improvement of the 

 society, which after slight modification, were 

 adopted. The following oflicers were then elect- 

 ed : 



Jesse Buel, President. 



Alfred Conkling, \st Vice-President. 



Teunis V^an Vechten, Id do. 



Edward C. Delavan, %d do. 



Douw B. Slingerland, Treasurer. 



Lewis C. Beck, Corresponding Secretary. 



John Ogden Day, Recording do. 

 Council. — John N. Quackenbush, John L. Win- 

 ne, John I. Godfrey, Richard M. Meigs, Andrew 

 Kirk, Caleb N. Bement, Isaac Denniston, John 

 Bryan, James Wilson, Henry A. Fay, George Wil- 

 cox, Paul Clark, Edward Dunu, T. R. Beck, and 

 Henry W. Snyder. 



The conslitution provides for four stated meet- 

 ings annually, on the first Tuesdays of December, 

 March, June, and September, the last of which ia 

 to be the anniversary meeting for the choice of 

 oflicers, &c. There will, besides, be other meet- 

 ings of the council, or of an examining committee, 

 to inspect esculents, flowers, and jjlants presented 

 for competition or comparison. The members 

 are required to pay two dollars per ammm. All 

 subscriptions and donations, (unless otherwise di- 

 rected by the donor,) are to go into a permanent 

 fund, which cannot be impaired until the principal 

 amounts to live tbousanil dollars. The interest of 

 this fund, and two dollars annually paid by each 

 member, will be applied, it is understood, in pre- ' 

 miums, in the purchase of horticultural works.and 

 in defraying incidental expenses. 



An experiment of a few years will test the util- 

 ity of this association, and aftbrd data to deter- 

 mine on the propriety of extending its views to 

 the establishment of a Botanic Garden — an ulteri- 

 or object not only desirable for its intrinsic useful- 

 ness, but for the interesting attractions it would 

 present to the citizen and stranger. 



It is gratifying to state that the advantages 

 which promise to grow out of this association, ap- 

 pear to be duly appreciated by our citizens, nearly 

 one hundred of whom have sanctioned it with 

 their natnes ; and we indulge the hope that the 

 number will be considerably augmented. — Albany 

 Argus. 



HEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, FEB. 20, 1829. 



RAILWAYS.— No. IV. 



(Uy the Edilor.) 

 (Concluded from page 234.J 



A railway is neither more nor less than that 

 sort of road, or highway, which the calculations of 

 science, and the results of extensive practice have 

 proved to be the best, cheapest, and most con- 

 venient of all roads, on which a great deal of trav- 

 el exists, or is likely to take place. A railway, 

 leading from a seaport, or other great commercial 

 place, into and through a fertile surrounding or 

 back country has the effect, in a degree, of aiiiii- 

 bilaling much of the dist;inee between couiilry 

 and city. It increases the value of real estate, in 

 the country, by the amount of the value of the fa- 

 cilities it gives to travel ami transport. It en- 

 hances the value of real i)roperty in the city by 

 the same ratio. Those farmers who cultivate 

 lands near the city, and to whom the railway af- 

 fords no direct accommodation will still be bene- 

 fited indirectly ; for " whatever tends to increase 

 the population, business, and wealth of the me- 

 tropolis is advantageous to the neighboring coun- 

 try."* 



Before railways were invented or much known, 

 turnpike roads were the best highways, of which 

 mankind, in general, possessed any information. 

 Although their utility is now generally appreciated, 

 they were, at their first introduction, opposed as 

 violently, and with as much ignorant pertinacity 

 as railways are at the present period. Means 

 correctly calculated to benefit farmers, by afford- 

 ing them smooth roads leading to market were de- 

 cried and depreciated as inimical to freedom, and 

 tending to make lords of our rulers and slaves of 

 the great mass of the population. A turnpike pre- 

 sented a highway to despotism ; and a toll gath- 



Ke|iorl of Directors oil the Boston and Albauy Rail Koad. 



