250 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



Feb. 27, 1829. 



farmers of Essex will find tlieir benefit, in adovt- I ual eflbrts have generously, and patriotically con 



ing the improvements tliat have been introduced 

 upon this farm. But wliiic it remains uncertain, 

 whether the ijmovations that have leen here intro- 

 duced upon Yankee husliitndrij, ni-K not experiments 

 made for the purpose of di.yilar;, unmindful of the 

 costs, rather than experiments that will remimerate 

 themselves, — your committee feel it to be their 

 duty to hesitate in approving of the same. Be- 

 lieving, at all time=;, that that species of farming 

 alone is to be encouraged by this society, which 

 will ensure its own reward, and support itself — 

 Gentleinen, with fortunes, may amuse themselves 

 with farms, as well as with dogs or horses, or in 

 any other manner; but such amusements belong 

 not to our yeomanry, who have to earn their bread 

 by the sweat of their brow, and whose muscles, 

 strengthened by toil, are the surest pledge of per- 

 petuity to our civil institutions. 



In the notice we have taken of the farms that 

 come withi]) our observation, it was not our pur- 

 pose to compare them with other farms in the" 

 county that were not entered for premium. Your 

 committee are well aware that there are many 

 other farois in each of the towns mentioned in 

 this report, that if they had been entered for pre- 

 mium, would have had a fair chance in the com- 

 petition. Their first inquiry was, have the pre- 

 sent claimants so managed theii- farms, as to merit 

 the approbation of this society, and to affori fair 

 examples to their neighbors for imitation ? On 

 this point, your committee were unanimous in t!ie 

 opinion in favor of tiie claimants. Accord'ngly, 

 they think it proper that the i)remninis ofiered, 

 should be awarded. And tliey would recommend 

 that they be awarded in the following order, to 

 wit: — 



To Jacob Osgood, of Andover, 1st prem. $35. 

 " AViLLiAM Thurlow, of W. Newbury, 



2d preni. 30 



" David Gray, of Andover, 3d prein. 25 



" Daniel Putnam, of Danvers, 4th prcin. 20 



" James Peci;er, of Amesbury, 5lli prem. 15 



Respectfully suhinitte<l. by 



DANIEL ADAMS, '] 



ASA T. NEWIIALL, | 



JESSE PUTNAM, 



SOLOMON I^OVv, I 



JOilN W. PROCTOR, J 



December 29th, 1828. 



• Cohimittee. 



tributed to collect the finest varieties of fruits, and 

 not only to distribute gratuitously the plants, or 

 the scions, as the case may be, for extended cul- 

 ture ; but what renders the favor more valuable, 

 to impart from their rich stores of ]>ractical know- 

 ledge, a portion for the benefit of the uninitiated. 

 We love the pursuits of horlicultme not only 

 for the instruction it affords to man of the subser- 

 viency of nature to his will, and his industry. We 

 regard it as a jieaceful and laudable source of en- 

 joyment. — And to him who can look through na- 

 ture, up to -its great first Cause, it is a rich and il- 

 lumined page, wherein he may read inscribed tte 

 promise, that "though like autumn's fruits an! 

 flowers mankind will fade from off the earth, ye: 

 like them his root will not die in the ground, bu\ 

 rise again and shed the benign influence of a useful 

 life, in gardens of unfading beauty, and enduring 

 loveUness." ' 



That mind that is not expanded, and that heari 

 that is not warmed in the conteinplation of tht 

 fruitful and ornamented garden, must be cold and 

 inanimate. And if " he who has not music in his 

 soul is" adjudged "fit for treason;" he that las 

 not felt the glow of gratitude in contemplating the 

 objects which bountiftd nature presents, is not 

 greatly to be envicil for his fealtj'. For ourselvte 

 we are free to declare that the most peaceful aD|l 

 gratified moments of our life have l;een passed i» 

 the pursuits of horticulture. In a manner relieve) 

 from the labor and occupations of business, wt 

 have found, with a shght variation from the poet'i 

 text — 



exempt from public haunt 



lons^ues in trees, books iu ihc running brooks. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



We are pleased to learn tliat the meeting of the 

 friends of horticulture in this city on Ttiesday last, 

 was numerously attended ; and tiiat the occasion 

 aflForded the most conclusive evidence, that a so- 

 ciety for the iinprovoment of this branch of our 

 domestic industry, will be established midcr aus- 

 picious circtimstunces. 



For ourselves we have long felt a strong inter- 

 est in this matter. We have seen in other sections 

 of otir country, the beneficitil influence of institu- 

 tions devoted to the practice of horticultural pur- 

 suits, and heard more, of its ameliorating eficcts 

 upon the varieties of fruits, heretofore cultivated 

 with partial success. 



The association of men of taste, of influence, 

 and of industry, has efllcted in some of our neigh- 

 boring cities, a wonderful improvement in the (pial- 

 ities of indigenous frtiits, i;nd a great increase of 



Sermons injlowey-s. and good in everything. 

 The benefits derived from an improved state oi 

 horticulture are of imlunited extent. They are 

 confined to no class, all may enjoy them. Health 

 is promoted by the labor, and ease and content- 

 ment follow on success. DORCHESTER. 



the varieties of foreign, of every kind, susceptible 



of successful cidture in our cfimatc. Here, iudivid- and impeded in its downward progress ; the con- 



ON THE CULTIVATION OF BEETS. 



Bj the Editor oftlic Southcr7i Agriculturht. 



There are many varieties )f tliis vegetable, such 

 as the large-rooted, the long-rooted, dwarf, ttirnip- 

 rooted, small red Castlenandari, green-topped, 

 yellow-rooted, &c. We will confine ot;r remarks 

 to those sold by our seedsmen, as the long-blood 

 and turnip-rooted beets, as these are tlie ottly va- 

 rieties cultivated among us, and as far as we have 

 been able to ascertain, they are to be preferred to 

 any of those enumerated above. The Castlenan- 

 dari is said to be much esteemed in France, -and 

 to have the taste of a nut : we have not, as yet, 

 been able to obtain the seed. W^e have at difl'Lf- 

 enl periods cultivated most of triose enumerated 

 above, and prefer the turnip-rooted, on account of 

 its superior delicacy, carliness, and the greater 

 ease w-ith which it can be raised. 



A light, deep and rich soil is the best stilted for 

 the culture of tlie beet ; tliey should be sown if 

 possible on ground which has been highly mtinur- 

 ed for some other croj), but should there lie none 

 of this descri]ition vacant, well rotted manure may 

 be used, and even fresh, in case of necessity, if 

 [iroper care be taken thai the whole he turned under, 

 and not mixed through the upper soil. The ob- 

 jection to using mamtre, more especially in a fresh 

 state, with this or any other long-rooted croji, is, 

 that meeting with it in Jumps and detached par- 

 cels, the root is diverted from its proper courso 



scqitence iu, that instead of one long, large, straight ' 

 and clean root, we often, under such circumstan- 

 ces, have maijy small ones, and nutnerous fibres, 

 rendering it unfit for the table. Tho remedy for 

 this is obvious, and it is rather stirprisiug, that the 

 cause of tlie forking of the roots being knuwii, the 

 remedy should not have been ajiplied. It is sim- 

 ply to ])lacc the manure at such a depth, that the 

 root may not reach it, and conse(|tiently not be di- 

 verted until it shall have grown to a projier length. 

 This may be efil/cted by spreading the manure on 

 the surface and with a spade turning it entirely 

 under, completely reversing the soil, so as to jjlace 

 that which was on top together with the manure, 

 at the bottom — care is required in this ipcration, 

 tliiit nil of the manure be completely buried, and 

 that none by the carelessness of the gnrdeiier, be 

 intermingled with the upper soil. Another me- 

 thod (and it is one which we have adojited for 

 many years with considerable success,) is, after 

 tlie ground is prepared, to make small trenches or 

 furrows, either with a spade, or, if there be ground 

 enough, with the plough, and at the bottom of 

 these to scatter the manure, level the surface, or 

 raise it into ridglets over the manure and plant 

 on these. Tliis last will be found most efliectual, 

 and for many reasons the best. By pursuing this 

 plan fresh manure may be usei', though we would 

 always prefer that which is partially rotted. In 

 preparing the ground for a crop, care should be 

 taken to have it well broken up, and made mellow 

 as deep as possible ; the beet sends its root to a 

 great dejith in search of food, and it ought not to 

 be impeded by meeting with a hard and compact 

 soil. If possible Jfet it be stirred eigliteen inches 

 deep, for it will generally be found that all other 

 circumstances being equal^that compartment which 

 has been stirred the deejiest, will produce the best 

 crop. The spade is decidedly the best instrument 

 for stirring the ground, but where a large quantity 

 is to be raised, the plough may be used, and more 

 especially if the ridge system be adopted. The 

 usual method is, to have the ground, after being 

 thus prepired, laid off" into four feet beds — to jilant 

 two or tjiree seeds every Tiine inches, in rows a 

 foot apart, these to be tliinned out to single plants 

 wheti about the size of a goose-quill. Such as 

 arc thinned out may be transplanted to fill up the 

 vacancies which inay occur in the beds. 

 ' (Tu be continued.) 



Flax and Linen Manufacturers. — The demand 

 f«r flax created by the estabiishiuent of our enter- 

 p'ising citizen, John Towne, it is liojied, will cx- 

 i;te the attention and stimulate "the exertions ot 

 tie farmers in the neighborhood, to the culti\ ation 

 aid improvement of that interesting and important 

 .siaple production of our country. The machinery 

 for spinning fia.x by steam power, is now in ccm- 

 jiletc operation under the sui>eriiitendance of Mr 

 TV'illiam Sutiiff", to whose mechanical genius and 

 iiidustry, we are indebted (through Mr Towne's 

 patronage and capital,) for this imjiortant branch 

 ofmanufactures, so long a desideratum in this and 

 ot|ii;r countries. — Tlie articles manufactured, viz: 

 Q-illing, table cloths, linen, &c, are of a superior 

 qlialitj". Tlie damask table linen, noticed in a late 

 11 imber of the Statesman, as maiiutaetitred by Mr 

 Kamilton Steuart, vvere made of cotton and fiuen, 

 a id wove by Mr Thomas Brown, an ingenious 

 wwrkman from near Edinbtirgh. Mr Towne's 

 etitablishmeiit will soon afiord materials for the 

 b'-.st quality. — Pittsburg Gazette. 



