Vol. VTI.— No. 35. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



277 



all extraneous matter removed from between the 

 teeth hy a tooth pick not made of mtlul. 3. To 

 «ase the pain of n decayed tooth, the best remedy 

 is powdered camphor, introduced into the cavity 

 on the poiut of a tooth pick, and secured by put- 

 ting raw cotton over it. The tooth must be made 

 clean, so that the camphor can come in contact 

 with the diseased nerve, and the camphor must 

 lie so lightly on it as not to produce pain by its 

 pressure. This will relieve the pain, correct the 

 ietor of the decaying tootli, and do no injury to 

 tlie sound teeth, whereas oil of cloves or cajuput 

 are less certain to give relief, and always do mis- 

 chief by roughening the other teeth, and favoring 

 the accumulation of tartar. 4. Tartar is produced 

 by the neglect of washing and cleaning the mouth. 

 Where teeth are naturally smooth and the gums 

 sound, mastication alone is often sufficient to pre- 

 Tent the accumulation of tartar ; but if from tooth- 

 ach or other cause, the teeth of one side are not 

 nsed, tartar will collect without the greatest care. 

 This substance injures the teeth by its direct effect 

 upon them, and by its irritating the gums, and pro- 

 ducing scurvy. It may be prevented by washing 

 the mouth often, or picking tlie teeth with a pin of 

 dry wood. If these are not sufficient, and pow- 

 ders are necessary, beware of those which have a 

 rough grit, or acids in thera. The best tooth 

 powder is finely levigated charcoal. Tlie best 

 brush to apply it with, is a small stick of the al- 

 tbea shrub, made into a small broom at the end 

 by biting it between the teeth, but better than this 

 to rub between the teeth is a piece of seasoned 

 oak wood, made pointed and broomed by biting it. 

 If, however, the tartar has been long fixed, and 

 adheres firmly, it will be necessary to remove it by 

 instruments. Tlie point of a penknife will for the 

 most part be sufficient, but the process will be aid- 

 ed by u small sharp hook, which scraping towards 

 the end of the teeth are less liable to injure the gums. 

 5. The scurvy is cured by removing the tartar, by 

 rubbing tlie gums with what is called a tooth 

 brush, but which more properly might be called 

 gum brush. The powder of Peruvian bark is ex- 

 celL'nt to j-ub into the gums ; it should be kept 

 ■ between the cheeks and teeth, and the gums 

 should also be washed with a decoction of it. If 

 the scurvj is bad and has continued long, the 

 whole system becomes tainted with it. In this 

 case, or if the system is feverish, it will be ncces- 

 sarj'' to take half an ounce of bark, and 60 or 70 

 drops of elixir vitriol daily. If it is objected that 

 the gums are too tender to permit the use of the 

 brush, this is an evidence that it is needed. A 

 brush and tumbler of water not cold, or suds of old 

 Windsor soap, if assiduously used, will for the 

 most part, keep the gums hard. If, however, the 

 gums show a disposition to become soft and 

 spongy, bark may be used as a preventive. 



RAIL ROADS. 



The good cause, of Rail Roads, seems to be 

 finding more and more favor in the eyes of the 

 community. We are ourselves among those who 

 never doubted their superiority as a means of in- 

 tercourse in this eountrj', over canals. And it is 

 pleasing to observe the prejudice which at first 

 was excited against them, giving way to common 

 eense views of the subject. In prosecuting our 

 systems of intercommunication, we have had the 

 opportunity of profiting by the experience of otiier 

 and older nations — particularly of England. But 

 if we are many degrees behind that nation in the 



affiiirs of internal improvement, it is not a neces- 

 sary consequence that we should follow her step 

 by step. It is our policy rather to seize antl |>rofit 

 by the last result.s of her magnificent and costly ex- 

 periment in this department. A few years ago,there, 

 as here, Rail Roads on anything of an enlarged scale, 

 were unknown. The canal system and policy were 

 triumphant, and extended to every vvork of im- 

 provement of a general character. At the pres- 

 ent day the thing is widely different. After great 

 experience in canals, and not a little in Rail Roads, 

 the people of Englond have given suflicient indi- 

 cations of a decided preference for the latter. So 

 far as we are disposed to derive benefit from the 

 experience of other nations, this is a useful fact. 

 It might have been more useful, had it been earli- 

 er attended to. The effect should have been, to 

 prevent the spread of the canal system to some 

 sections of our country no ways calculated for 

 its favorable prosecution: and in the place of ca- 

 nals, substituted Rail Roads, as the last and best 

 trophy of experience. 



But, as we observed, the cause of Rail Roads 

 is advancing. In New York a company of en- 

 gitieers had been instructed to survey a line fiir 

 a Rail Road from Schenectady to Albany. The 

 engineers have reported : — their report has been 

 accepted by the Board of Directors, and we un- 

 derstand that the work will be commenced early 

 in the spring. Massachusetts, too, is determined 

 not to be idle. She proposes to take up the line 

 of Railway at the Hudson, near the termination 

 of the above mentioned Road and carry it to 

 Boston. Thus opening a continued communica- 

 tion by Railways, between her metropolis and the 

 western parts of the State of New York. And 

 consequently exhibiting herself as a competitor 

 for her share of the trade of that country and the 

 lakes. A part of this line, must of course be un- 

 dertaken in conjimction with the authorities of 

 New York. At a great meeting of citizens at 

 Faneuil Hall a few days since a resolution was 

 submitted, declaring the expediency of construct- 

 ing this Road by the commonwealth. It was 

 carried by a rote of 3158 to 24. Another reso- 

 lution was submitted to the meeting — declaring 

 that if the Legislature should deem it inexpedient 

 to engage in the measure, " the city government 

 be authorised and requested to apply to the Le- 

 gislature for an act to enable any cities, towns, 

 or bodies corporate, or individuals to subscribe to 

 such portion of said stock as may not be taken 

 by the state, on such terms and conditions as may 

 be deemed expedient." 



The vote on the latter resolution wa.s taken 

 nnd carried by 3055 yeas to 29 nays. The re- 

 sult of these proceedings, and votes, show a unan- 

 imity of purpose, at the head quarters, that gives 

 a pretty earnest promise of ultimate success to the 

 proposed undertaking. Convinced as we are that 

 the Railway system is the true one for this coun- 

 try, we rejoice to witness its develojjnient wherev- 

 er the increased demands of society require new 

 facilities of intercourse. — Baltimore Patriot. 



DOMESTIC ECONOMY. 



On looking over your valuable paper of AVednes- 

 day last, my attention was arrested by the obser- 

 vation of a person recommending to farmers and 

 housekeepers how to cure their meat ; but fear- 

 ing it is not definite enough in one important par- 

 ticular, (the time the meat should remain in the 

 pickle,) I ant induced to recommend a pickle that 



I have been in the practice of using and recom- 

 mending to others for a quarter of a century, with 

 complete success, viz. Recipe for curing a hun- 

 dred pounds of Hams or Beef. 



Take 7 lbs. of coarse salt. 

 2 lbs. of brown sugar. 

 2 ozs. of salt petre. 

 J oz. of pearlash. 

 4 gallons of water. 

 Boil all together, and skim the pickle well-— 

 when cold put it on the ineat. 



Hams to remain in pickle eight weeks — Beaf 

 four weeks. — Western Farmer. 



To Cure Pork. — Cut up the meat the same day 

 the hog is killed, if practicable, and pack it well in 

 a cask, with plenty of best coarse salt ; when the 

 cask is full, have strong pickle that will bear an 

 egg, ready, and immediately put it on the meat, so 

 as to fill up all vacancies and to exclude the air.— 

 U. S. Gazette. 



From the New York Commercial Advertiser. 



LIVE FENCES. 



Messrs. Grant Thorburn &f Son, 



Gentlemen — I perceive by your advertisement 

 in the last number of the " New York Farmer," 

 that you have imported 75,000 hawthorns for 

 " live fencing," and I cannot deny myself the 

 pleasure of communicating to you, the experi- 

 ment that I have made with this beautiful, cheap, 

 and valuable fence. About seven years ago I 

 purchased a few thousand from you, and set them 

 out, forming a line of fence of about forty rods. 

 The soil on which they were planted was a mix- 

 ture of clay and white sand, unfavorable to their 

 rapid growth. They have never been cultivated 

 except to trim them the last season — every plant 

 flourished, and they now form a fence sufficient 

 to turn any cattle, and the cheapest, handsomest, 

 and best fence upon my farm. 



I have saved a bushel of the berries and intend 

 to have a nursery of hawthorns. 



If our farmers are fully apprised of the prefer- 

 ence, in all respects, due to this kind of fencing, 

 you will find a ready sale for all you have import- 

 ed, and I venture to assert, that every gentleman, 

 who will make an experiment with them, will be 

 highly gratified with the result. 



I remain yours very respectfully, 



JONATHAN FISK. 



Mwburgh,J^. Y. Feb. 17, 1829. 



Q^ A part of the Hawthorns alluded to above 

 are for sale at the New England Farmer Seed 

 Store, 52 North Market street, Boston, at $5 per 

 1000. 



From the N. E. Farmer and Mec. Journal. 



Mr Editor — As Bacon is an article of Domes- 

 tic manufacture, and when good is generally es- 

 teemed, and, as most persons have a rule of their 

 owti, or, I should rather say, none at all, for tho 

 benefit of all, I send you one that I have follow- 

 ed several years with entire satisfaction ; and only 

 request l^rother farmers to give it a fair trial. — 

 For eight hams, take 2 pounds of salt, and five 

 ounces of salt petre, both finely powdered ; mix 

 the salts with a pint of molasses ; with this com- 

 position rub them thoroughly ; pack them closely 

 in a tub five or six days ; then take them up ; rub 

 on the remainder of the coin(]OBition, if any be 



