Vol. VII.— No. 36. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



This loss of time, and this waste of our labor 

 and money, is owing almost altogether to the want 

 of a correct, well established, and generally ac- 

 knowledged nomenclature of fruits. It is true 

 that errors and mistakes will sometimes occur in 

 nurseries where the gardeners are well acquaint- 

 ed with the proper names of the various fruit trees 

 they raise. But it is much le.-s likely to occur with 

 them, as well as with every one else, when names 

 are not confounded and the varieties are general- 

 ly known. If, therefore, we can in a considerable 

 measure accomplish these ends by the contem- 

 plated publication, we may save to the farmers, as 

 well as to gentlemen, who have small fruit gar- 

 dens, and to horticidturists generally much trouble 

 and much loss of time, temper, and money. 



As, however, I caimot afford to take any risk 

 on myself in the publication of this work, I shall 



283 



judgment. Many of the testimonies below given j don Horticultural Society. Mr Turner the under 



are, however, fiom persons wholly disinterested, j Secretary, pronounced it the very best' of all the 



1 have been m doubt whether to collect the re- | new Flemish pears, and Mr Braddick coincides 



marks as to each variety and arrange tliem sei)a- | with Professor Van Mons, and Mr Turner in this 



rately, or to give them as they have from time to | preference. Time ofripenins from the middle of 



lime appeared in the above mentioned works. On j October to the middle of Nov^ember. I have nol 



the whole 1 have preferred the latter course, as received this pear from Europe. 



Ilii; same letter often refers to several difi'crent vn d • ji /j i ■ ,„ 



,• ,■ , . ,, , , ^'■" i^'i'iiem: va- Poire d' Ananas— late wmter pear. Th s new 



ies,and , would be embarrassing to myself ,, ear (whose name is synonymous with pine a,"Z 

 LritvT nr" ''y''"'''' '-;k;o.hesan,e „ear)Mr Brad.lick in the sa.ne letter "^justetld' 

 sul i « V, l \ ' " '' ''""*'^"'hay« i« nearly alhed in appearance and flavor to 



subjou. a list, with son.e short character o. each. U,„ p,e,e„t de Malines and Passe Colmar. 

 JOiliN LOWLLL. 



irity for ditrerent fruits. 

 >in a list, with some shoi 



Roxbury, March 20, 1829. 



John Braddick, Esquire, to whose letters fre- 

 quent reference will l>e made, is, as Loudon, Editor 

 of the Gardener's Magazine, assures us. a man of 



ofl^erto the public a subscription paj.er, with a fortune, intelligence, and zeal— his own architect, 

 view to obtain a sufficient number of subscribers jagronome {or practical laborer) and gardener— in' 

 to enable me to proceed with the work. The j short precisely the sort of person to whom we 

 subscribers will beheld to take and jiay for the J should look for correct information. His letters 

 number of copies they subscribe for without de-jconlirm his title to confidence. In a letter to Mr 

 fault, as on this condition alone can the work be Loudon, of 30th Nov. 1828, he gives the following 

 published. interesting history of a new pear called the PreseiU 



The subscribers may have the work with, or de Malines. [This pear lias not been receivei' ' 

 without plates, of which there will be fifty uncol - 



Mr 



Ored impressions, taken from the original work of 

 Mons. Duhamel, of the most valuable fruits that 

 were in his day, and are now cultivated in France 

 . — the great nursery of fine fruits. These fruits 

 are represented of their natural size, and on their 

 respective liranclies, showing buds, leaves, bljs- 

 soms, and seeds, which belong to them, and which 

 characterize the several sorts ; and a particular 

 description of each will be given from the original 

 work. Those who have s«een the original prin's 

 need no farther evidence of the beautiful manner 

 in which they are executed, and the copies, (of 

 which we have lodged a specimen with Mr Rus- 

 sell, the publisher of the N. E. Farmer) we tliinii 

 do great credit to our artists. 



The subscribers will designate in the subscrip- 

 tion paper whether they take the book with plaes 



or not. The copies with the prints will be fMirjde Malines," which 



that I recollect. La Bonne Malinoise from its being 

 named from tLe same city, will be in great danger 

 of being confounded with it. This last pear is 

 living from a sciim of Mr Knight, though very 

 feeble at present.] 



Present de Malines. — The history of this pear,Mr 

 Braddick says, is as follows. " The late Count 

 Coloma of Malines, [a Flemish city, or town] 

 amused himself in raising new varieties of pears, 

 by impregnating the blossoms ; the idea of so do- 

 ing struck him 50 years ago, on his reading the 

 works of the English author, Bradley. During 5 

 years that I annually visited the continent lor the 

 purjiose of collecting buds of new fruits, I used 

 every year to receive buds from the Count's gar- 

 den." (Among the rest he received the bud of the 

 pear in question, wliicli at the request of the Count 

 Coloma's friimcis, Mr Braddick called " Present 



dollars each, and those without wi 

 and fifty cents each. 



The subjects on which the work will treat may 

 be seen by referring to the New England Farmer 

 of the 6th inst. page 253 of the current volume. 



means a " Gift from Malines.' 



be two dolarsi This letter, received in December, was accom- 

 panied by the fruit, of which Loudon (himself a 

 most competent judge) thus speaks — VV(! received 

 the fruit which has a good deal of the Bon Chre- 

 tien shape, large at one end, smooth, and of a 



FOR THE NKW ENGLAND FARMER. 



THE NEW VARIETIES OF PEARS. 



Mr Fessenden — I thought I could not render 

 a more acceptable service to horticulturists than 

 to condense in one article all which has ajipeared 

 in the London llort. Transactions — in Loudon's 

 Gardener's Magazine, and in the Annales of the 

 Parisian Hbrt. Society with respect to the new va- 

 rieties of pears eitlier raised from seed or discov- 

 ered since the time of Duhamel and Miller. It 

 will be seen, that the catalogue of fine table pears 

 has been doubled in number within 30 years, and 

 if any reliance can be placed on the opinions be 



Seckle 

 iMarip Ciirlshen 

 Beuric S[>eiice 

 IVIarie Louise 

 Napoleon 

 *'Aremhorn 



Names of ap- ) 

 proved pears. \ 

 Imperalrice il' Ele 



beautiful yellow color. We tasted it' ourselves, R^uii-'wur'teniberg 



and sent it to three eminent fruiterers [fruit sel- f>ro5 Dillen 



lers.] It is agreed, that they are of most excellent 



quality, melting, and of a rich musky flavor. Mr 



Grange, one of" our first fruiterers, knows the pear, 



calls it a melting Bon Chretien, a good bearer and 



excellent keeper. [It must not be understood that 



Grange meant to say that it was a good Christian, 



but only that he called it such from a folly preva- 

 lent in Europe and America, to call unknown 



fruits by old names on account of some resem- 



Idanee. Thus we have Mr Bartlett's pear called 



the Summer St Michael ! !] 



Beurrc Spence—fa\l pear. Mr Braddick in a 

 letter dated March 1, 1826, speaking of the pear 



Braddick sent two of the pears to Mr Loudon, 

 who pronounces them excellent. This was on the 

 first of March. Braddick says he kept them back 

 as long as he could. He adds his own ideas as to 

 the mode of keeping pears well. " They should 

 be preserved in an equal dry temperature ; under 

 the fermenting point from whence they should bs 

 brought out just at the time of using thein. Act- 

 ing upon this experience I have iirepared a fruit 

 room 32 feet under the surface of the earth in the 

 solid (fey rock." We would not recommend oth- 

 ers to follow this expensive example, but the opin- 

 ion of a very experienced cultivator as to keeping 

 fruit at a low and unvarying temperature is of 

 great value. 



On the 8th of April, 1826, Mr Braddick sent to 

 Mr Loudon three pears of the year before, of 

 course excellent keeping pears, of which the only 

 notice is as follows. 



Surpasse St Germain — large brown and green 

 pear. Loudon remarks, an excellent fruit, the 

 best of the three. 



Grande Breiagne dorce — middle sized yellow 

 pear. Loudon says, an e.xcellent fruit with tere- 

 binthinate flavor. 



Prince de Priniems — small green pear, sugary, 

 and inciting. 



July 29, 1826, Mr Braddick writes as follows. 

 " I think it necessary to jiremise that the following 

 list is the cream skimmed off of some thousands of 

 new pears which I have been getting together for 

 many years past, from various parts of the world ; 

 the fruits of some of which I ho]ie will gladden 

 the hearts of horticulturists for centuries to come. 



Time of ripening. 



5 I'ouiie Malinoise, or } 

 } Coniie de ftlii lines ^ 



noise, or 

 M:i lines 

 Present tie Malines 

 Passe Colmar 

 Poire <r Artana 

 Grande lirelagnn 

 Prince de Piinlem 



( Whence 

 I received. 

 August M. Van Mons. Louvain 



Sept. W. Sloirels. flialines 



Oct. Van Mons 



Oct. and Nov. do 



do Dr Hosack, New Vork 



do Van Moas 



do do 



Nov. do 



Dec. di, 



Dec. and Jan. Due D'Aremher^, UrusseU 

 Dec. and Jan. Clicv.Neilis Malines 



Dec. Count Coloma 



Jan. and Feb. Noisette, Paris 



I'eb. and March Stoffals 



Tljar. April, and ]\lay do 



April and May do 



(To he continued.) 



low cited, we shall have no great rea.son to regret j at the head of this paragraph, says that he asked 

 the decline of the old varieties. When I express ! Mons. Van Mons, the 'celebrated raiser of new 

 myself thus equivocally as to the credit to be given ! pears, to which of all his new pears he would "ive 

 to the descriptions of new fruits, I would confine , the preference, and he immediately replied with 

 the skepticism or doubts to those made by the much vivacity "the Beurre Spence," and added 

 raisers or producers only, because I have always '• this fruit to my taste is inestimable, and has no 

 found that the producer or discoverer of a new competitor." Mr Braddick proceeds to say that 

 tTMit or flower was very prone to be partial in his [when it bore fruit he sent specimens to the Lon- 



Improvement in Candles. — I steep the common 

 wick in lime water, in which I have dissolved a 

 considerable quantity of common nitre or salt- 

 petre. By this metins I secure a purer flame and 

 a superior light ; a more perfect combustion is in- 

 sured ; snufling is rendered nearly as superfluous 

 as in wax candles, and the candles thus treated 

 do not " run." The wicks must be thoroughly 

 dry before the tallow is put to them. 



J. MURRAT, F. L. S, 



