Vol. Vn.— No. 37. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



293 



any food after llie commencement of the disease 

 In the morning of the 30th he was much exhaust- 

 ed, not able to walk, and his breathing, laborious. 

 I then took some water in a vessel, and fearlessly 

 entered the stable, on which he made some feeble 

 signs of gladness. He was in a sitting posture, 

 supporting himself on his forelegs. I stood be- 

 fore him and poured the water in a small stream, 

 holding up the vessel ; and instantly he was seized 

 •with excrutiating convulsions, which in a very few 

 minutes, ended his life. 



On a slight examination of the body, the high- 

 est marks of inflammation were discovered 

 throughout the system. 



I have been thus particular, presuming that the 

 case would afford useful hints to those, who are 

 fond of, and keep these animals. Although the 

 dog may be useful to many ; being the only ani- 

 mal, known to us, which will leave his own spe- 

 cies and associate with man ; and in some ir- 

 stances a uscfid protector, both of property and 

 life ; yet, every dog is liable to this disease, terrific 

 beyond expression in its effects : therefore, all pos- 

 sible care should be taken in season to prevent 

 the disease from spreading, which will not be 

 done, unless the owner have some knowledge of 

 the symptorps, which mark it. 



This is not considered a medical paper ; yet, it 

 may be useful to state, that should any creature be 

 bitten by any animal laboring imder the canine 

 disease — the first step to be pursued, is, thorough- 

 ly to wash the wound and parts adjacent, with 

 warm water, and wipe them clean, with a view to 

 remove all the poison that may adhere upon, or 

 about the wound — then cut out, or destroy th( 

 part to the bottom of the wound with some atronj 

 caustic, and dress it with mercurial ointment. — 

 This practice should not be neglected, should the 

 wound be made two or three days before it is dis 

 covered ; as it is thought that the virus is not 

 readily absorbed ; but, the sooner it is done, the 

 better. 



Mansfield, Feb. 26, 1829. 



roil THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



OBSERVATIONS ON SOME SUBJECTS OF 

 CULTIVATION IN LONG ISLAND. 



DEEP PLODGniNG. 



Mr Fessenden — Having observed that in dif- 

 ferent places the ploughings were not of a suf- 

 ficient depth, I spoke about it to a gentleman, 

 owner of large estates, at Bedford, Long Island ; 

 and asked him to try the experiment on one acre 

 only ; and to begin by ploughing one inch deeper 

 than before ; for if it was ploughed very deep at 

 once the ground would become sterile for some 

 years, until the influence of the atmosphere, ma- 

 iiuring, and other subsequent i)loughings should 

 have mixed the soils together. This gentleman 

 told me since, that he had succeeded beyond his 

 expectations. His corn was visibly larger and 

 stronger than that of the other side, which was 

 ploughed in the ancient manner. I do not doubt 

 hut that his example will have much influence ; 

 so that the ploughings will be bye and bye from 

 8 to 10 inches deep ; and be done by gradually 

 deepening one inch each year. The ground thus 

 gradually ploughed would preserve some njoisture, 

 very beneficial in dry summers ; the soil having 

 been able to concentrate a much greater degree 

 of humidity ; and in wet seasons, the ground be- 

 ing more porous, the water would not remain on 

 the Burfaee and rot the roots of the crops. 



I have taken notice that the furrows of dccliv 

 itous lands are very often made in the direction of 

 the descent, instead of making them transversely 

 or crossways, in such a manner as to preserve as 

 much of the soil and manure as possible on the 

 top, and prevent them from coming down by 

 heavy rains. Corn and potatoes, ought, there- 

 fore, to be planted and kept in transversal lines, 

 following the same principle. 



MANURE. 



The manures which are brought beforehand 

 upon lands, which are to be planted in the spring 

 are, most generally, spread out on the ground 

 without being heaped together. The more ma- 

 nure is spread the more the atmosphere and rains 

 take from it its nutritive parts. Manure may be 

 heaped together in the form of a cone, which 

 should be covered with ground ; or if the ground 

 is frozen too hard, the heaps could be covered 

 with mats, very easily made by tying straw be- 

 tween small poles, six or eight feet long, which 

 being put away afterwards, in a dry place will be 

 good for another year. In this manner none of 

 the fertilizing salts can escape. But speaking of 

 this interesting matter, I must say that I am as- 

 tonished that no composts are made, which are 

 the means of trebling the mass of manures, with- 

 out occasioning any other expense than that of 

 mixing earth with the manure by layers one above 

 another, and by adding all kinds of vegetables, 

 leaves of grass, sods, &c. ; and instead of leaving 

 the dung to dry and be spoiled by the scratching 

 of fowls in the yard, it should be successively car- 

 ried when it comes out of the stables on the fields, 

 where it is to be used for the fall or spring. For 

 this purpose a small corner might be left, where 

 it could be deposited. It would be convenient, if 

 possible to make a few heaps of earth, and have 

 them ready for mixing with the manures.* It will 

 be objected that this would be an increase of la- 

 bor, but it will be repaid an hundred fold. 



PLOUGHING IN GREEN CROPS. 



Next year I shall be able to give the result of 

 some experiments made by Jonathan Thomson, 

 Esq. Collector of the New York Custom House, 

 who, on his large farm at Islip, L. I. at my re- 

 quest, had the goodness last year to have sown 

 and ])loughed in, thrco successive crops of buck- 

 wheat in blossom. He has great hopes of success 

 in this experiment, the soil being entirely changed, 

 and seeming to contain a quantity of rich mould, 

 and all that which is necessary for having a fine 

 crop this year. I hope that the example will be 

 followed in places at some distance from large 

 towns. This sowing three times repeated, only 

 took nine bushels of buck wheat seed per acre, 

 which is a very cheap manure. 



Respectfully yours, 



ANDRE PARMENTIER. 

 Horticultural and Botaiiic Garden, ) 



Brooklyn, L. I. March 16, 1829. ) 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



QUERIES RESPECTING FOOD FOR 

 STt)CK. 



Mr Fessenden — A few weeks since, several 

 queries from a you '.g shepherd, in regard to root 



^ Layers of new dung one foot thick, and those ofearlh from 

 3 to 4 inches. If made of old manure dung one fool ihick and 

 earth 6 or 7 inches. The heaps should be made in circular or 

 square forms, and some eartli put around llieni to prevent the 

 access of the atmosphere lo the layers of manare. 



cultivation, were inserted in your paper. Ai 

 no answers have appeared, this same young 

 shepherd is led to believe either that the cultiva- 

 tion is found unprofitable, or that no one has prac- 

 tised it so far as to be able to furnish answers ; of 

 that the queries were not sufficiently definite, or 

 not worthy the notice of the owners of flocks of 

 sheep. On the supposition that one of the two 

 last may be the cause of the silence, I beg leave 

 to substitute the following. 



1st. What quantity is a fair average product to 

 the acre of mangel wurtzel, ruta baga, carrots, 

 and potatoes, and what the expense of cultivating 

 an acre of either of the above roots .' 



2. How many bushels of either of the above 

 roots are equal to a ton of good hay for feeding 

 stock of any kind ? 



3. Are either of the above cheaper for feeding 

 stock in part than hay, valuing it at $6 per ton ? 



^P— ^M— BMBWmnMII I I ■IMIMII^MmM^—IMMMglg 



IVEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1829. 



COBBETT'S CORN. 



A friend has obliged us with a copy of Cobbett's 



Weekly Political Register, of Jan. 10th, 1829 



This, according to Mr Cobbett's statement, was 

 printed on i)aper made from the husks of Intlian 

 corn, raised by him in England. It has been here- 

 tofore supposed that the temperature of the clim- 

 ate of Great Britain would not admit of the culti- 

 vation of this plant ; but it seems that Mr Cob- 

 bett's success in its cultivation has been complete ; 

 and that he has found it well adapted to uses to 

 which it has rarely if at all been applied in this 

 country. 



Mr Cobbett says " I am certain tliat the husks 

 of this corn will make as beautiful printing paper, 

 and even writing paper, as ever was made from 

 any rags in the world, and much better than can 

 possibly be made from any other thing than very 

 fine linen rags. Of the brown paper, or rather 

 olive colored paper made from the stalks of the 

 corn, a specimen of that you have, as a wi-apper 

 to'the bunch of corn which I have now the honor 

 to send to you. Compare it, sir, with anything of 

 the kind you have ever seen before. You will 

 find it as easy to write on as any white paper is ; 

 what a difference in paper made from this materi- 

 al, and the rugged stuff' made from hemp, or old 

 ropes ! What a difference between paper made 

 from corn stalks, and white brown stuff', which 

 grocers and others make use of, and which is so 

 easy to tear, while it cannot be written on at all. 

 The " Treatise on Cobbett's Corn," is, as you 

 are aware, published and sold, bound in boards ; 

 and all that have been sold of late, have had boards 

 with this olive corn paper for a covering, and very 

 handsome you will find it to be : and I send you 

 a second book, in order that you may have this 

 further proof before your eyes, of the estimable 

 value of the corn plant." 



The writer then asserts that Mr Rowland Hill, 

 of Chillwortb, first suggested the thought of mak- 

 ing paper out of the husks of corn ; and that it 

 was owing to his enterprise that the specimens 

 were jiroduced ; and continues, " Reflect, sir, on 

 the vast importance of producing on our own land 

 the n;aterials for such an immense branch of mnn- 

 ufactiu'e ! In a very few years all the paper used 

 by grocers, seedsmen, liuendrapers, haberdashers, 

 and, in short, all this immense mass of goods, 

 bulky, costly, and yielding a great revenue from a 



