Vol. VII.-— No. 39. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



309 



orgies ! But I forbear — the picture is too appal- 

 ling — I turn from it with abhorrence. 



To coiH-kide — you all know me, and know the 

 consequences of transgression ■; and you know that 

 I punish for every abuse — therefore be wise, and 

 observe the motto : abuse not, " touch not, taste not.^' 

 To pursue the thorny way of intemperance is 

 crime, poverty, disease, and death ; but, to walk 

 the smooth path of temperance is virtue, wealth, 

 health, and life — pursue it, and victory is yours — 

 a glorious victory over the disordered appetites. 

 Your obedient servant, 



SIR RICHARD RUM. 



Mansfield, Feb. A. M. 5S29. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



HEMP. 



Mr J. B. Russell — When I made you the com- 

 munication on the subject of liemp, it was my in- 

 tention to have inserted a note, jfiving an extract 

 of a letter which I received in 1824, testing the 

 comparative strength of our hemp with the Rus- 

 sian. Will you jilease to insert what follows in a 

 note referring to that part of my communication 

 which states the comparative strength of the two 

 kinds of hemp, and oblige yours, &c.j 



SAM. LATHROP. 



M^est Springfield, 6th April, 1829. 



Extract of a Letter from F. C. Tucker, of JVew 

 York, dated Dec. 7, 1824. 



" The following statement is intended to exhib- 

 it the comparative strength of Connecticut river 

 and Russia hemp, made into ropes of 4 J inches in 

 circumference, based upon the result of an experi- 

 ment made upon ropes of 2J inches in circumfer- 

 ence. 



A rope of 2J inches, made of Con- 

 necticut river hemp, broke with 3209 lbs. 



One of the same size, made of Rus- 

 sia hemp, broke with 3118 ' 



Difference in favor of Connecticut 

 river hemp 91 ' 



A rope 4^ inches in circumference 

 made of Connecticut river hemp, would 

 require to break it 12,836 ' 



And a rope of the same size, made 

 of Russia hemp, would require 12,472 ' 



Difference in favor of Connecticut 

 river hemp 364 ' 



This difference would allow a deduction of full 

 one-eighth of an inch from the size of the 

 rope made of Connecticut river hemp, and it still 

 would have equal strength to the 4J inch rope 

 made of Russia hemp. 



A 4J inch ropo, 120 fathoms, weighs 

 660 lbs. at 10 cents $56,00 



A 4g inch rope do 532 lbs. 53,20 



Difference 

 or equal to half a cent per lb." 



2,80 



rOR THK .NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



GRAFTflVG CHERRY TREES. 

 Mr Fkssekdf..-* — I do not recollect that any 

 person has described in your paper the best mode 

 ef grafting cherry trees. I have a mode, hut do 

 not know whether it is the best, and wish to know 

 if any one has a better. 



Cherry and plum trees are alike difficult to graft 

 on, as the bark does not split freely, but tears like 

 cloth. In the spring of 1825, I procured many 

 kinds of plum scions of Capt. Hyde, of Newton, 

 which I set in ?tlarch. Scarcely one has failed ; 

 and all kinds have borne except the Canada plum. 

 I also grafted many cherries, which took and 

 lived well. Last spring I liad ahout nine trees, 

 headed and grafted. The scions all lived and did 

 well, except two trees, the scions for which were 

 cut 4 or 5 days before using. Of these none 

 lived. The scions of cherries, like twigs for bud- 

 ding, ought to he cut the day they arc used. I 

 have the Tartareans, Oxhearts, &c. growing on 

 wil<l cherries, both the black and red stocks. 



My method of grafting is this. Take clay, pre- 

 pared as for all other kinds of grafting. Then 

 proceed in the same manner as in other cleft graft- 

 ing on the heads or stocks of cherry trees, using a 

 wide thin shoe knife ; which drive down as far as 

 it is intended that the scion shall go. This cuts 

 the bark smooth. The clay must be bound on 

 with rags or tow, or it will become wet, freeze, 

 crack, and crumble off, and then death is the por- 

 tion of the scion. The knife must be wide, thin, 

 and sharp for grafting ])lum or cherry trees ; and 

 the clay kept bound on tight and snug. This be- 

 ing done, and done in season, scions are as sure 

 on cherry trees as on the apple tree. 



Last spring I grafted my cherry trees the 15th 

 of March. Then it was so cool I had to warm 

 the clay in a kettle over the tire, and use a fur- 

 nace to warm water over. I related the above 

 manner of grafting to Capt. Francis A. Pickering. 

 He sent for scions, and followed my directions in 

 grafting the small, low, wild, sour, red cherries. — 

 He told ine afterwards that they lived as well as 

 apple scions. Wild cherry tree stocks should be 

 grafted at the ground. 



I have peaches, apricots, and mulberries, graft- 

 ed on ])hun stocks. I had pears growing on the 

 hazle, or hop hornbine tree, but by misfortune, 

 they were destroyed. I intend bringing some 

 scions I have never seen advertised, viz. The 

 Warren ajjple is a large, juicy, good apple, and I 

 trust but little known to any distance. It is the 

 most prolific apple here, bears well on poor soils, 

 and bears yearly. It is a large, green, fiat, juicy 

 apple, and keeps till January. It has a branchy 

 top, and must not be grafted at the ground. The 

 Mackay Sweeting is of all the largest sweet apple 

 for winter, nearly twice as large as the Baldwin, 

 and of an orange color. The Mammoth Spice is 

 larger than the Robust Greening, a good hearer, 

 of a beautiful dark striped red, a fall apple. The 

 Star Sweeting is of an orange color, about the size 

 of the Bfildwin, ripe soon after the Sopsavines, 

 and a good bearer. Roberts Well apple is larger 

 than the Baldwin, surpasses it in beauty, and 

 keeps much longer. 



Much can be done in beautifying the colors of 

 fruit, by combining nature and art. To make a 

 brilliant red Baldwin, the scions should be set in 

 trees that bear red apples ; a green or yellow ap- 

 ple tree stock diminishes its beauty, but red tends 

 to beautify the colors of the Baldwin. I have \ 

 seen scions taken from one tree, and set in pale ' 

 green, and red tree stocks. The a|)ples they i)ro- 

 duced bore no resemblance to each other on these I 

 two trees. I have two trees near each other, the 

 scions taken at Capt. Hyde's, all of the Roluist 

 Greenings ; one was grafted in a green, crabbed, 

 late apple, which bears a remarkably large apple, 



keeps till February ; the other grafted into a small 

 yellow sweet apple, very early. This produces 

 yellowish green apples about the .size of the Bald- 

 win, ripe in October, and gone in November 



Tliis proves that winter apples will not do well oa 

 early sununer stocks. 



Your friend and humble servant, 

 Weston, March 20, 1829. J. W. 



IVEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, APRU, 17, 1829. 



Aid to Agriculture in Connecticut solicited. — The 

 Hartford County Agricultiu'al Society have deter- 

 mined to present a Memorial to the Legislature of 

 Connecticut, requesting such an appropriation of 

 money from the State Treasury, as may be com- 

 petent to the successful encouragement of Agricul- 

 ture and the Domestic Arts; and have proposed a 

 bill that an annual appropriation of money, not ex- 

 ceeding twenty-five hundred dollars, be made for 

 that purpose to be awarded in premiums, &c. 



Loss of Sheep in JVantuckd. — The Nantucket 

 Inquirer g^ives it as the opinioit of many that tho 

 severity of tiie past winter, had caused the death 

 of one-fourth part of the sheep owned upon that 

 island ; and that those which perished during and 

 since the storm of tlio 22nd of March, exceeded in 

 number all that had died iti the course of the win- 

 ter. And adds, " we have been informed by a 

 gentleman of strict veracity, and who was an eye 

 witness to the distressing sjiectacle, that many of 

 the sheep were driven by the tremendous force of 

 the storm to the southern part of the island, and 

 there remained buried in large numbers in the 

 snow, many of them with their heads out, and the 

 crows actually pecking their eyes out before they 

 were dead !" 



Cattle Show at Pawtuxet, R. I. — This exhibition 

 is advertised to be held on the 14th of Oct. 1829. 

 The pieiniums proposed are liberal, and embrace 

 a great many objects. Among others are $10 for 

 the greatest crop of Millet ; $5 for do of Sugar 

 Beets ; $12 to the person who shall make the 

 most satisfactory experiment to ascertain the best 

 mode of raising Indian Corn, in hills, in rows, or 

 in ridges ; $20 to any person who shall introduce 

 any Grass, not before cultivated in the State, and 

 prove its superiority to any other grass now culti- 

 vated ; $10 to the person who shall prove by ex. 

 periment the best season and modes of laying 

 down lands to grass, whether spring, summer, or 

 fall seeding be preferable, and with or without 

 grain on different soils ; $5 to the person who 

 shall take up in the season, on his own farna, tho 

 greatest quantity of good honey, and shall at the 

 same time exhibit superior skill in the manage- 

 ment of bees ; $5 to any person who may within 

 the present season have raised on one piece of 

 land a thousand or more thrifty mulberry trees ; 

 $10 for the largest quantity of Raw Silk, &c. &c. 



The Climate of the Middle States compared with 

 that of Great Britain, in reference to the productions 

 of Horticulture. — A valuable article, headed as 

 above, has been published in the N. Y. Farmer, 

 and Horticultural Repository, for March, written 

 by J. Biiel, Esq. of Albany. This we intend to 

 republish as soon as we can spare room in our 

 cohunns, which are at present devoted to discus- 

 sions, &c. appropriate to this season of the year. 



