WEW 13M€il,ANB FAM 



Published by John B. Russell, at M>. 52 JVorlh Market Street, (at the ^^cullural Warc/iouM^.-THOJiATGrF^ 



VOL. VII. 



ssENDEN, Editor. 



J50ST0N, FRIDAY, MAY 15, 1829. 



No. 43. 



COMMU]?fICATION§. 



FOR THE NEW ENCI.iKD FARMER. 



LOSS OF CUD IN CATTLE. 



Mr Editor— 1 would \vi.*li, thiouirh the medi- 

 um ofyoiir papLT, to solicit iiilbnuatiuii respecting 

 the following iiio,uiry, viz : 



Whether it is a fact that horned cattle do 



and 

 die.' 



cow-leeches' diseases, it is less a disease than a 

 syniptoni of some other affection ; indeed it is 



evident tlint any attack sufficient to destroy the 

 appetite, will generally occasion the loss of the 

 I cud. It is possihie, however, that an occasional 

 j local aflection, or paralysis of the paunch may oc- 

 Icur, particularly when it is distended with un- 

 , healthy substances, as acorns, crah apj)les, the tops 

 , ,, . , ,. ever ; of some of the woody shrubs, &c. The trealmeiit, 



lose t.ien- curf, and in consequence of that are un- 1 i„ such cases, consists in stimulating the stomaci, 

 able to raise another, and unless they are seen to, by tonics, aloes, pej.per, and gin, mixed. Though 

 provided with one, they wdl consequently 1 these, as hquid-, may not enter the stomach in 



T, , .. k'J'iii'ion case.s, yet in this disease or impaired ac- 



it appears to be a generally received opinion '■ tion of the rumen, they will enter there " 

 among common farmers and graziers that cattlo Mr Lawrence, an English writer, s; 



says, in loss 



I The grafting wax recoinmeuded by Miller, and 

 also in .several Cyclojieciias is composed of the fol- 

 lowing niatcrials, 1 lb. pitch ; 1 lb. rcsip ; -I lb. 

 bees wax ; i lb. hogs hu-.l ; 1 lb. of turpeiitiiil. 



Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn leconuneiids the fol- 

 lowing recijie, which he states " the late E. Pre- 

 ble, Esq. one of our most distinguished horticul- 

 turists gave me for a composiiion to cover tho 

 wounds occasioned by pruning trees. 



" Three pints of tar and one pound of bees-wax ; 

 melt them together, and while cooling, stir in a 

 pound of red or yellow ochre." 



" This admixture I have ever since used with 

 the best eflects, as the wounds occasioned by the 

 removal of limbs, or from any other cause, have 



hei;e Ito on n us, d t def' f ' t "' "" '''' "" "'''"'■" ''''' ^°"" "'"'^' ""^" ^ive ' speedily healed over, wnliout ,,roducing rot or de- 



dXI .1^. ™^ ^■'/'''f!^'"^««ft'"sliy.^ a warm bran, or pollard mash, with good bay and cay." This gentleman also states that he has 



poth.s.., they aigue that ruminating annuals are « arm water with salt. This treatment alone niay , used this coni^.si.i.n, exclusively in grl^^ngl'le! 



succeed with patience, even should the maw be pear, plum, and cherry trees ; and^hree or four 

 obstructed with acorns, or crab apples. An aloes stocks can be engrafted with this material, as soon 

 tincture made with brandy and ginger, or capsi- , as one can with clay. The wound is thus kept 

 cum, [red pepper] niigiit be of use in this case.— completely covered until the wood and bark closes 

 After coiKpicring the obstruction, bitter infusions : over it. 



made of camomile, hoarboniid, oak bark, &c. in j " The quantity above named I have found 

 hcer, may be reipiired, as restoratives, although, would last mc a year, and would be enough for 

 perhaps, good dry nourishing feed, will bave an ; niost of our farmers. It is always ready fur use, 



endowed with the peculiar faculty of only partially 

 chewing their food and swallowing it, and when 

 they liave leisure, they raise it up in a suffictem 

 quantity to form a cud, and after they have suf- 

 ficiently masticated it, swallow it into another 

 apartment of the stomach ; which process of 

 swallowing, say they, so actts on the stomach as to 

 cause them to raise another ; but if they, by 

 coughing, or any other accident, sliouhl throw 

 out the cud from ihoir mouth, they would he un- 

 able to raise another. 



There are others, whom I am inclined to think 

 are the most correct, who ridicule the above idea, 

 and say that such a thing is inconsistent with 

 .sound reason and common sense, as well as n-en- 

 eral observation ; and that ruminaling animals that ! 

 are in jiealth possess the faculty of raising their 

 cud whenever they are inclined to chew it— or 

 that it is as natural for them to do so as to eat ; 

 and that if an animal ceases to chew its cud, it 

 must be owing to its being out of health, provided 

 the fault is not the want of good and wholesome 

 foorl. 



The reason of these remarks are in consequence 

 of iny having a cow that sudder.ly stopjied chew- 

 ing her cud and, would not eat her hay as usual, 

 and in ten days fell away from la state of gooii 

 case to be very gaunt and lean, and .so weak thai 

 she could hardly go without staggering. I couK' 

 not suggest the cause. Finally 'a neighbor wht 

 examined her, said he could tell me what was the 

 matter with my cow ; says he, " she has lost hi- 

 cud, and unless you can jirocure one, or substitut' 

 something for one, she will surely die— you \\\i 

 lose her." I replied, that I did not give iiiuci 

 credit to that hypothesis. Says he, " it is matte- 

 of fact— my neighbor S. T. a few weeks ago had 

 a very valuable cow that suddenly sto))ped chew- 

 ing her cud, and refused to eat the best hay. II 

 suggested she had lost her cud, and inimediatel; 

 set himself about procuring a substitute for one, 

 and put it into her mouth — she chewed it siif 

 ficiently — swallowed it, and by his repeating tli. 

 oiieration several times, she began to chew he 

 cud as usual, and quickly recovered her forme 

 appetite." I. STEARNS, Jr. 



Pawlucket, R. I. .flpril 21th, 1S29. 



equally good effect. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



COMPOSITIONS FOR GRAFTING. QUERE 

 RESPECTING BLACKhNG. 



Mr Fessfnden — As your columns are always 

 open to fr''.e inquiry, I avail myself of the privilege 

 to solicit inf irmation on the following sulijects ; 

 winch if you, or any of your correspondents can 

 giv?, you will greatly oblige at least one of your 

 subscribers. CONNECTICUT. 



I have noticed in Massachusetts, that in graft- 

 ing, a kind of cement is used, which is certainly 

 muc.i more convenient, and said to be preferable 

 to clay. How is it made .' 



You have given us this spring, recipes for black- 

 ing jf almost every description. I would ask bow 

 that which is usually called sponge blacking is 

 made .' 



Remarks by the Editor.— Wc have seen, and from 

 time to time have i>ublished a very great variety 

 of recipes for forming a composition for grafting, 

 which is more easily apiilied than the common 

 graftin 



and is applied with a small, flat, round pointed 



knife, or wooden spatula, with great facihty. 



Quite a thin coat is sufficient."* 



Mr Buel, of Albany, recommends the following. 

 " Take one part of tallow, two parts of bees' wax, 

 and four pans of rosin. Blelt the whole together ; 

 turn the mixture into water, and work it in tho 

 bands as thCfhoe ^naker does his wax, to incorpo- 

 rate the parts. The warmth of the hand will 

 soon bring it to a proper consistence when wanted 

 for use, and a little grease will prevent its adher- 

 ing to the fingers. A small piece is broken off, 

 flattened in the hand, and covered over the cleft 

 or wound. If of the thickness of a shimng it will 

 ncitlier melt, crack, nor peal off."} 



We are not able to furnish a recipe for sponge 

 blacking, l.nit would be much obliged to any cor- 

 respondent who would give us one for publication, 

 which is handsome, easily made and ajiplied, and 

 not injurious to leather. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLANU FARMER. 



Mr 



GRAFTING. 



Editor — I have been reading in your pa- 



y. We shall here republish several of'per of the I7th of Ajiril, an account how to graft 

 tho.serecipes,i)i-emisingiliat,they are recommend- 1 cherry, iiluiii, or peach treef=, by s|)litting the 

 ed by respectable horticulturists, but we have had stocks with a broad, thin knife. That writer 



wishes to be inforii 



rmed if there is a better mode 



There certainly is, for I have practised both. Mv 



Remarks by the Editor. — Loudon asserts tha 

 allhough • loss of the cud enters the list of mos 



no practical ex|ieriei)ce of their qualities. 



Mr Abner Lanilrum, of South Carohna, after 

 objecting to those comjiositions for grafting, which mode is to split the bark with the point of a sharp 

 contain one-third turpentine, which he .says in- ! knife, before I sjilit the stock. After I open the 

 jiires the scion and stock, especially in a warm ! stock with a wedge, I shave out the sides of the 

 climate, states " After many experiments to ascer- [split with the point of a sharp knife, and fit in the 

 tain the best composition for a grafting wax, I j scion very exactly. By that mode any kind of 

 prefer the following :— One measure of olive oil, [tree may he grafted, and will live and" grow as 

 or bogs lard, 3 do of melted beeswax ; mix while I late in the season .as while the sap is running up, 

 lot, to be worked after it is cool, till sufficiently j "ith using another precaution to have fine, light 



pliant. J eihaps sweet gum resin might form the |f'''iy Iiressed round the stock below the sjilit to re- 

 basis of a more ductile wax, without imparting a j '"i" the sap to feed the scion. 



i lestructive quality."* | I have now on my farm three flourishing, bear- 



• N. E. Farmer, vol. i. p. M. I ' N. E. I'a.mer, vol. iii. p. 369. t Ibid, vol. iv. p. 21C. 



