Vol. VII.— No. 44. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



349 



Oyster Sheils in the Southern States.— There are 

 also v:ist quantities ol" shells, aii<l espe.'ially of a 

 gigantic oyster, in many [larts of tlie Smithern 

 States. They are found not only in diL'ging for 

 wells, but tiiey form vast bed.; in various places. 



One of the largest beds on the eastern conti- 

 nent, is near Tours, in France ; it is twenty-seven 

 miles long and twenty feet thick. 



But the be<!.sof the Southern States far exceed 

 this. A stratum, on the whole continuous, al- 

 though mixed, more or less, with the general di- 



the eyes of the patient, and bound fast. After sixteen ortwenty calves at a time are fattened. — 

 three or four repetitions the eyes will be well. — \ Bull. Univ. 



JY. Y. Journ. of Com. 



Violation of Patent. — At the present term of the 

 U. S. Circuit Court fen- the District of Connecticut, 

 Judge Thompson presiding, four cases were tried, 

 in which Grant & Towiisend, of Providence, were 

 plaintiffs, for the violation of a patent to Joseph 

 Grant, one of the plaintilfs, for a macldne to form 

 Iiat bodies, by crossing the wool and forming two 



,, at bodies at one operation. In two of the cases 

 luvium, and otiier matcnals ot the counti-y, has ^ ^^^^^ defendants agreed upon the damages which 



are assessed by tlie Court, with costs. In one of 



! these, where the violalion was only of one month's 



continuance, and with one mechanic, the dam- 



been traced from the Etitaw sin-ings, in South 

 Carolina, to tlie Chickasaw county ; six hundred 

 miles in length, by ten, or from that to one hun- 

 dred in breadth. 



There can be litlle doubt that many of the beds 

 of oyster shells which have been attributed to the 



aboHginal Indians of this country, are diluvial '!«- , -.-..y assessed the damav'esat $262,50, wiiich were 

 posits— & //tman'^ Geol. '['trebled by the Court, and amounted to .'r787,50 



ir /-.i ^TT^ ^ r J T 1 ,„„„!,! and costs. In the fourth case, where the defend- 



Use of the Roller on Grass Lands. — In no brancli ; "'"'/- = ,„„„,., i- • i ,i 



f , / J • ., I, • ,„,„„,,,- ant had made 17,000 bodies, the jury assessed the 



of husbandry is the roller more an implemeDt ot ' '"^ " ' i j .i 



Potatoes. — The Chevalier Payen, has lately pub- 

 lished an 8vo Treatise on the Potato. He enume- 

 rates twenty-nine uses to which this ])lant may 

 be applied. Among the uses not generally known, 

 it is stated that, alter being frozen, they may be 

 made into starch or distilled into spirits. With 

 one-third jiart of flour, they may be made into 

 bread. With the flour of potatoes, pastry, vermi- 

 celli, rice, and tapioca, may be made. With stuc- 

 co they form an improved plaster. They form a 

 wash on their plaster for buildings, which maybe- 

 colored with ochre, soot, &c. Roasted brown 

 and burni, they make a very good coffee. Crush- 



utility than in the cultivation of grass. It renders 

 the soil compact and solid ; it encourages tlie 

 growth of the plants, by bringing the earili close 

 to every part of the root ; it assists in iilliug up 

 and levelling any inequalities in the surface of the 

 field, thereby preventing surface water from re- 

 maining stagnant, and eradicating the grass from 

 particular spots ; and it tends to hinder the drought 

 from penetrating, which is an effect of the great- 

 est importance. In fact, a grass field cannot be 

 too often rolled ; and it is not going too far to as- 

 sert, that the ap|i!ication of the roller in Autumn 

 to prepare the roots for resisting the winter frosts, 

 and in spring to firm them after those frosts, every 

 year while the field remains in gra.ss will amply 

 repay the expense. — Trans, of the Highland So- 

 ciety. 



a"es were $300. In another, where the defend- ,cd they are employed in whitening linen and oth- 

 ant bad only built and sold a machine, the dam- er cloth. The water expressed from them is a 

 ages and costs were §150. In a third case, the {rapid promoter of the germination of seeds. The 



fecula, with sulphuric acid, is converted into syrup, 

 from which moist sugar is made. Mixed with 

 soot, &c. this syrup makes an admirable blacking. 

 The water of tlie young tubers affords a grey, and 

 the blossoms furnish a yellow dye, &,c. 



damages at S903, which the Court trebled — mak- 

 ing $2709, with costs of suit. 



1 Let every farmer divide his pasture ground as 



• he pleases. Let the fence between his arable and 



I pasture land be as strong as an external fence. — 



Hut, if possible, let all his arable ground, though 



it be a hundred acres, he in one lot. Then bis 



; |il<iugh runs clear, in a long furrow. His tillage 



■ is divided only by the different species of grain 



land vegetables he cultivates. There are no fences 



of consequence, no inconvenient and worthless 



! headland ; no apology for this.les and nettles. — 



The scene is beautiful to the eye. The whole has 



the appearance of a garden, and begets in the Sentinel 



farmer a sort of horticultural neatness. — Garden 



er's Jour. 



Economy in Horses' Food. — The custom of feed- 

 ing horses with coarse bread is a very common 

 one in France, and is considered more wholesome 

 and economical than oats. It was introduced 

 during the revolutionary wars. A Silesian exper- 

 imental fanner. (urnishes the following proportions 

 of ingredients for making such bread : " Five gal- 

 lons of oat flour, ditto of rye flour, yeast, and one 

 gallon and a half of potatoes, reduced to a pap." 

 With bread made of these materials, a horse may 

 be kept on twelve pounds per day, mixed u[( with 

 a little straw, chaffed and moistened. — Hampshire 



Economy in a Family. — There is nothing which 

 goes so far towards placing young people beyond 

 the reach of poverty, as economy in the manage- 

 ment of their domestic affairs. It matters not 



I Veal Fattening in the Territory of Hamhurgh.- 



Florida Indigo.— \l is proposed to revive the ^^i^^^.^ ^^^ ftw towns where meat is eaten in a 

 cuhivation of Indigo, In Florida. Formerly much ,-j.j,g,. ^^^^^ ^,,3^ i„ Hamburgh, Altona, and Bre- j whether a man furnish httle or much for his fami- 

 indigo was produced there, and which was only ^^^^^^ rp^^^ fattening of calves is, consequently, ; ly if there is a continual leakage in his kitchen, or 

 rivalled by that of the Carraccas. In former ^n important pursuit with the peasants of the dis- j in the parlor ; it runs away, he knows not how ; 

 limes, nearly one hundred and eighty thousand ^^.j^.^^ ^.j^yj^j^,! .^^ g^i^.,, ^^ j-gj.,„,.y f,.^,,-, those towns, i and that demon tras(e cries more, like the horse 

 dollars were paid in London, in one year, for Flor- ,i,.it jiig traii.sport of milk thither is not easy.— leech's daughter, until he that ))rovided has no 

 ida indigo. There are farmers who devote themselves exclu- more to give. It is the husband's duty to bring 



Sleel Ore We use this label to indicate a lively to the fattening of veal, and who, for that I into the house, and it is the duty of the wife to see 



very remarkable variety of iroit ore lately brought pi"-l»«e, buy up the calves of those who reside in | that none goes wrongfully out of it ; not the least 

 to lin-ht in H-idlev Saratoo-a countv The bars """'e populous neighborhoods, and who derive | article, however unmi|)ortant in itselt, torit estab 

 which are made" 'from the ore, when melted into «1"^"- P™fit «•""' '^e sale of their milk The calves j lishes a precedent ; nor under any pretence, for it 

 loops in a forge fire, as in the usual wav of mak- ! »'•<= '"Pt >" Pe"^. so that they are obliged to re- , opens the door for ruin to stalk in, and he seldom 

 iiig bloomery iron, come from under the hannner \ '"^i" n"i'=t- Their straw is not removed until the I leaves an opportunity unimproved. A man gets a 

 good and true steel. Mr John P. Fellows of this 1 fa'lPH!",? 's complete. 



It is the custom to feed 



city, showed us, a day or two ago, a pen 

 blade of ihis :~teel, which bore a firm and keen 

 edge, cutting a hard quill veiy sweetly ; and he 

 staled that various edge tools bad been made of it, 

 which proved excellent. Tius is a rcmarkabli' 

 fact in metallurgy. A specimen of this steel may 

 be seen at Mr F.'s shop, in this city. — Troy Sen- 

 tinel. 



knife ' '-'cm three times a day, gradually increasing the 

 quantity from a third of a qiiarteron to eighteen 



wife to look after his ,^flairs ; to assist him in his 

 j 



Communication. — Messrs. Editors, I take the 

 liberty of sending j'oii a recipe for sore, blood- 

 shot, or weak eyes. I have often recommended 

 it to my friends, and as often found it to give im- 

 mediate relief. Take half a pint of milk ; put into 

 it a handful of white balsam, or, as some call it. 



ourney through life ; to educate and prepare his 

 children for a jiroper station in life, and not to dis- 

 quarteions of Hanover, at each meal, as the ani- ; sipate his property. The husband's interests should 

 inal grows. The food is left before the calves | be the wife's care, and her greatest ambition car- 

 only a quarter of an hour, be the vessels emptied j ry her no further than his welfare and happiness, 

 or not ; if not, the quantity of the next meal is di- togeihor with that of her children. This should 

 minishod. Those fattener-s who regard their char- be her sole aim ; and the theatre of her exploits 

 acterfor fine meat, give nothing but milk to their! in the bosom of her family, where she may do a.s 

 calves ; others mix with the inilk, eggs, crumbs of. much towards making a fortune as he possibly can 

 bread, and flour ; but the meat thus produced is I in the counting room, or the work shop. It is not 

 less esteemed than that fatiened on milk, and ; the money earned that makes a man wealthy, it is 

 fetches a lower price. The fattening lasts fi-om what he saves from his earnings. A good and 

 twelve to fifteen weeks, and at the end of tint prii.UMit husb:.iv! makes a deposit of the fri.ils of 

 time the calves will weigh from 150 to 200 l!is. — his labor with his best fiieinl ; and if that friend 

 A firm of forty acres, with eleven cows, maintains be not true to him, what has he to hope ? If he 

 twelve or fourteen individuals, an<l iirodiices an (Uirj not place confidence in the companion of his 



place it ? A wife acts not 



everlasting. Let it be boiled down to half the 



<]uantity, and at night, on going to bed, let a linen | income of two hundred dollars by the sole fatten- bosom, where is 



cloth be saturated with the decoction, and laid on ing of calves. On farms which keep forty cows, for hei-sclf only, but she is the agent of many she 



