LEAF CHARACTERS OF APPLE VARIETIES. 27 



A. Varieties important in Massachusetts — Concluded. 

 2. Leaves more or less distinctly folded. 



(a) Folding "saucer-shaped " or broad U-shaped. 



Baldwin. — Leaves broad, distinctly saucer-shaped; serrations sharp, 



close set and usually curved. (Fig. 8.) 

 Roxbury Russet. — Serrations distinct and only moderately sharp; 



bark olive green. (Fig. 9.) 

 Winter Banana. — Leaves rather long and narrow; serrations regular 

 and dull; branches long and slender, yellowish. (Fig. 10.) 

 (6) Folding narrow U-shaped. 



(1) Serrations dull. 



Williams. — Waves large, coarse ; serrations uniform ; growth 



open; bark yellowish. (Fig. 11.) 

 Wolf River. — Leaf only moderately folded, oval, narrowing at 



base and apex; serrations coarse, dull. (Fig. 12.) 

 Yellow Transparent. — Leaves broad at base and rather narrow 



at apex; serrations uniform, shallow. (Fig. 13.) 



(2) Serrations at least moderately sharp. 



Delicious. — Leaves narrow at apex ; serrations coarse and dis- 

 tinct. (Fig. 14.) 



Wagener. — Leaves strongly folded ; midrib much reflexed ; 

 shoots stout with large buds. (Fig. 15.) 



Northerv Spy. — Leaves sometimes little folded, upright; serra- 

 tions sharp; shoots upright; bark russet with many small dots. 

 (Fig. 16.) 



B. Varieties of minor importance in Massachusetts. 



1. Leaves usually only slightly folded, serrations rarely sharp, 

 (a) Leaves small, coarsely and irregularly serrate. 



Jonathan. — Leaves very small, narrow at base and apex, sometimes 



folded; tree slender, of open habit. (Fig. 17.) 

 King David. — Leaves narrow at base but wider at apex; tree strong 



and vigorous. (Fig. 18.) 

 Stay man. — Leaves nearly round, spur leaves and some shoot leaves 



sharply serrate; tree vigorous. (Fig. 19.) 

 (6) Leaves medium-sized, serrations rather fine and regular. 



Opalescent. — Leaves sometimes slightly waved, rather narrow at 



apex; bark of shoots very smooth. (Fig. 20.) 



2. Leaves distinctly folded and waved. 



(a) Serrations distinct and rather sharp. 



Fall Pippin. — Leaves long, sharply and distinctly serrate; tree 



vigorous. (Fig. 21.) 

 Hubbardston. — Serrations moderately sharp ; midrib reflexed ; bark 



olive green. (Fig. 22.) 

 Grimes. — Serrations sharp and distinct; midrib reflexed. (Fig. 23.) 

 Tompkiyis King. — Tree vigorous with long stout shoots, does not 



branch freely. (Fig. 24.) 

 (6) Serrations not sharp but rather dull. 



Ben Davis. — Leaves rather narrow, grayish and woolly. (Fig. 25.) 

 Esopus Spitzcnburg. — Serrations dull and regular; midrib usually 



only slightly reflexed. (Fig. 26.) 

 Tolman. — Leaves narrow at base and strongly waved; serrations 



only moderately dull. (Fig. 27.) 



