28 



THE FARMERS' JlEGISTER. 



I2th. — The three-field system was used before I 

 commenced marling, corn, wheat, pasture. Some 

 few lots I manured very highly ; they produced 

 fine clover with the aid ot" plaster, but except 

 these lots, the land was very thin. 



I3th and I4tli, — The very first crop showed the 

 great improvement made by the use of marl, 

 but its eHects are best seen by the crop of corn 

 at present on the farm. It is the largest I have 

 ever made per acre, on the marled land. 



Idthand I6th. — From my own experience I should 

 say, the effects of marl are decidedly perma- 

 nent. My land has been subject for the last 

 few years to the severest cultivation. One half 

 in corn, the other in wheat annually. By ma- 

 nuring heavily with vegetable matter and not 

 allowing stock to graze on the land, I have been 

 enabled, even with this rigid course, to prevent 

 its deteriorating. 



17th. — 1 do not think any injury has been done, 

 except on the poorest land, by the too free use 

 of marl ; and, even there, by carting straw on 

 the land, it has recovered from the effects of 

 the marl. 



18th. — All these manures are certainly more effi- 

 cacious with marl than without. 



19th and 20/A.— Before using marl the average 

 corn crop was (rom three to three and a half 

 barrels. The marl has increased the product of 

 the corn nearly 100 per cent. 



Hist. — The wheat has been so much injured by 

 the fly, variable seasons, &c., I can hardly say 

 in what ratio it has increased; but the crops are 

 certainly much heavier than before I used marl. 



22d. — From the use of marl, and other manures, 

 I estimate the value of my crops as being nearly 

 as much again as they were formerly. 



23d. — As far as my experience goes, I know no- 

 thing to contradict the views advanced in the 

 " Essay on Calcareous Manures." 



its growth. Wherever the orange grows, the 

 olive will flourish — being a hardier tree — and it 

 will live for ages, and bear abundantly. May we 

 not hope that the enterprise of Louisiana will soon 

 enrich the agricultural products of the state, by 

 planting extensive orchards of the olive. 



VALUE OF THE OLIVE. 



_ From the New Orleans Dulletin. 



Whenever the value of the olive is fully under- 

 stood in the southern section of the union, we may 

 expect to see great attention paid to its culture. 

 The importance of the product may be estimated 

 from the various uses to which it is put. fn Spain, 

 Portugal, the south of France, and many pro- 

 vinces bordering on the Mediterranean, the olive 

 oil is used in immense quantities, forming an ex- 

 cellent substitute for butter, hogs' lard, or any 

 other kind of grease which is used in such quanti- 

 ties in more northern European climes, or in this 

 country, for preparing food. Thomas Jefferson 

 said that of all the gifts of Heaven to man, the 

 olive tree was next to the most precious, if not the 

 roost precious. He thought it might claim a pre- 

 ference to bread, because there is such an infini- 

 tude of vegetables which it renders a profitable 

 and comfortable nourishment. A single pound of 

 olive oil, that can be bought for six or seven cents, 

 is equivalent to many pounds of flesh, by the num- 

 ber of vegetables which it will prepare and render 

 fit lor food. This oil is palatable, wholesome and 

 easily obtained. It is singular that the tree has 

 never been introduced here in the south, where 

 the soil and climate must doubtless be congenial to 



PUMPKIN SUGAR. 



From tlie Magazine of Horticniture. 



We find a notice in the Gardener''s Magazine, 

 of a method ol manufacmring sugar from pump- 

 kins, for which a patent has been procured by M. 

 L. Hoffman of Hungary. M. Hoffman, together 

 with M. Devay, has established a small manu- 

 factory of the article in Zan;dor, in which they 

 have already obtained forty hundred of sugar from 

 pumpkins, a small part of which they have also 

 refined. One hundred weight of pumpkins yields 

 as much sugar as one hundred weight of beet 

 roots, but the space of a hectare, viz.: two acres, 

 one rood, and thirty-five perches, yields three or 

 four limes as large a quantity of pumpkins, (ac- 

 cording to their weight,) as the beet root : the 

 space occupied by Indian corn growing between 

 the rows not being included, eight hundred weight 

 of sugar could be raised on sixteen hundred square 

 loises, from which two hundred hundred weight 

 of pumpkins is obtained, and sometimes over two 

 hundred and sixty hundred of pumpkins. M. 

 Hoffman has obtained from between twenty-six 

 and twenty-seven hundred weight of pumpkins, 

 one hundred weight of sugar, and as much syrup. 

 In making the sugar, the pumpkins are cut in 

 pieces, and then, with the rind, are rubbed on a 

 grating, the same as is used for beet root, and the 

 seeds, which produce an excellent oil, are ke|)t 

 separate. One pound of oil is obtained from five 

 pounds of seed. The juice is obtained from the 

 grated pumpkins in the same manner as from beet 

 root. M. Hoffman obtained, Irom an indifferent 

 press, eighty-two jiounds of juice, containing a 

 proportion of sugar of from 3° to 10*^ according to 

 Baunce. The juice is far prelierable to that of 

 beet root, because it does not so soon lose its virtue, 

 but remains good twenty-four hours. It is purified 

 and cleaned by the same process as beet .«ugar. 

 The pum[)kins should be cut up in pieces before 

 they are yrated. 



This discovery may be of some importance to 

 the agriculture of this country. In the west, 

 where such immense crops of pumpkins may be 

 produced, it will prove more profitable lor cultiva- 

 tion than the su<far beet. 



LIMING ON THE PENNSYLVANIA "BARRENS. 



To tlie Editor of tlie Farmers' Register. 



U. S. Ship Levant, Jan. 9, 1841. 



1 have been ordered to sea, and have broken up 

 my farming establishment, and my object in writ- 

 injT this is to discontinue my subscription for the 

 ' Farmers' Register.' 



1 wish you full success in your public-spirited 

 publication, and consider it honorable to Virginia 

 that an agricultural paper, of so high a scientific 

 cast, is supported as well as yours is. Your efforts 



