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NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



AUG. IS. t 4 



PEACH TREE GRUBS. 



Remove the earth fiom the roots of your peach 

 trees, and just beneath the surface of the ground, 

 you will probably find places where gum has exud- 

 ed from the tree. On .scraping this away with a 

 knife, you will find a small grub, which is the in- 

 sect so destructive to peach trees. Cultivators of 

 the peach have resorted to many methods to e.xter- 

 mitiate this insect from their trei's, but generally 

 without success. 



The habits of the insect should fust be known, 

 then perhaps some method may be devised for an 

 effectual e.\termiiiation. I have now before me 

 some of these grubs, which I have just taken from 

 some trees where a small quantity of charcoal "as 

 placed about the roots last spring. They are 

 white, with a redish brown head, and measure from 

 half to three quarters of an inch in length. 



The grub commences its operations the last of 

 September and beginning of October. It appears 

 to pass through the bark just below the surface of 

 the ground and works a passage downwards into 

 the roots, where it remains during the winter. In 

 the spring its course is upwards, and about the 

 middle of May it may be found very near the sur- 

 face o( the earth. The pupa state commences 

 about the first of July. 



It appears in the winged state from about the 

 middle of July to the middle of August; then de- 

 posites its eggs somewhere upon the outside of the 

 tree, and not beneath the bark. 



The young grub, whicli is hatched about the last 

 of September, passes down and pierces the tree 

 just below the surface of the ground, where t!ie 

 bark is tender, and proceeds as above. 



If the earth be removed from the roots in the 

 spring, all the grubs taken out, the louse dead bark 

 cut away, the wouml washed with soap suds, a box 

 be made and placed around the roots in such a 

 manner as to run a little below and rise three or 

 four inches above the surface of the ground, and 

 leaving a space of about six inches all around from 

 the trunk of the tree, and if this be filled up with 

 powdered charcoal, I think the tree will be -stife 

 from the ravages of this insect, for it will not pass 

 the charcoal to get at the roots, and it cacnot 

 while young pierce the hard bark above. 



Wash the trees thoroughly two or three times 

 irom July to October with strong soap suds. This 

 will destroy all tlie eggs and young grubs. 



Placing a shovelful of charcoal at the roots of 



e tree and leaving it so that the grubs can pass 



>wn without coming in contact with it, will do 



o good. Neither will any outward application do 



Hiiygood while the grub is under the bark. 



All outward applications in order to be efl^eclu- 

 al, must be made while the insect is on the out- 

 BJde of the tree. 



There are some insects which deposite their 

 eggs upon tlie trunk and branches of trees in the 

 fall, where they rem.iin until spring, when they 

 hatch. Therefore it is well to give all trees a 

 thorough washing in the spring with soap suds. 

 This will clear off all eggs and insects which may 

 be upon them. It also clears offall the old rougli 

 bark, and gives them a clear and healthy appeir- 

 Bnce. — Detroit Duihj JldveHiser. 



ON WATERI.MG AND FEEDING HORSES. 

 To prevent all inflammatory disorders arising 

 from the too prevalent practice on the part of the 

 inexperienced, in the use and application of the 

 necessary and proper quantity of both food and 

 water, for the comfort and preservation of the health 

 of horses, and their consequent usefulness, I sub- 

 join the following unerring ruin and directions, to 

 secure and in.sure the health, vigor, and consequent 

 utility of this most valuable and indispensable ani- 

 mal to man. 



When n horse is healed from any cause, great 

 care should be taken, while in that slate, to allow 

 him to take but a very Sijiall quantity of cold water 

 at a tine — say not iiTore than two quarts, whicli 

 may be repeated at intervals during his mea's, 

 which should also he limited. New hay and corn 

 should always be rejected, when pure hay and oats 

 can be obtained ; the natural and certain tendency 

 of the introduction of either new or green hay and 

 Indian corn (in too great quantities) into the stom- 

 ach of a horse, is to produce diseases in that or- 

 gan, and consequently the derangement of his 

 whole system ; the animal is therefore rendered 

 worse than useless ; for delay, and frequently fur- 

 ther remedies are vainly sought for, because it too 

 often happens that from the ignorance of the ope- 

 rator, he adds to the malady, instead of removing it. 



Give your horse (after, and while he is heated) 

 one quart of oats or dried corn, with a sprinkle of 

 salt, alter his first draught of water, of two quarts. 

 These portions of each, water and food, may be re- 

 peated at discretion, during the reasonable but ne- 

 cessary time for the rest of the animal, and ycm 

 may then with certainty and safety pursue your 

 journey to any distance and time. 



Recipe. — When the firegoing directions are 

 omitted, and the bad effects are apparent, give the 

 animal the following: 



'1 incturo of Benzoin one ounce ; spirits of ammo- 

 nia one do. ; aromatic confection half an ounce ; 

 ginger one ounce. To be mixed in one quart of 

 water. When a horse is overheated, this applica- 

 tion will relieve hiui — and it may also be given 

 with success, in case where a horse is affected with 

 chulic or gripes, flatulency in the stomach or intes- 

 tines, mixed with a pint of warm oil — to bo repeat- 

 ed at every three hours until relieved. 



Wm. Cookf, 

 Veterinary Surgeon. 



No man can be entirely independent, yet the 

 fanner should remember tlmt if any one can be 

 Maid to possess that enviable distinction, he is the 

 man. Let him then be proud of his calling. 



GOOD HUSBANDRY. 



The editor of the Maine Cultivator (Mr Drew, 

 of Hallowell,) cultivates but a single acre of land, 

 but this ho does in such a manner, as to obtain 

 from it an astonishing amount of produce. The 

 following account ofthe management of his garden 

 will no doubt interest many of our readers: 



One third of an acre he devotes annually to corn 

 — the long eared, large kernelled, eight rowed 

 yellow corn, that is not very early, and not very 

 late. With him it has ripened every year for the 

 Inst ten vears that he has cultivated it. The soil 



average for years, over -iO bushels of sound corn 

 for grinding, besides a little pig corn for the hogs 

 in the fall of the year. This is as much corn as 

 he needs in his family; besides a sufficient sur- 

 plus fi)r fattening one large or two small hogs. — 

 From the same land he ordinarily obtains some two 

 or three hundred pumpkins, which serve important 

 purposes in the family, being, besides, an excellent 

 article for boi!ing up with the hogs' potatoes, giving 

 a cow, &c. From the same land, he has generally 

 obtained all the dry white beans he has needed in 

 his family to go with his pork — which he raises by 

 the avail of his land, without purchasing of others. 

 The corn fodder is carefully cut and cured, and 

 helps .-IS a subsistence for the cow. So much for 

 one third of an acre. A small portion of land is 

 set apart for the culture of onions. Ordinarily he 

 raises from 50 to 75 bushels on a bed, say six rods 

 square. These he sells on the average at one dol- 

 lar per bushel — say .St!0 per acre. This purcha,ses 

 his flour and rye at common prices. So that from 

 the first third of one acre, and an onion bed, he has 

 all his bread, brown and white. 



On two other large beds, he grows generally 

 about 50 bushels mangel wiirtzel and carrots. These 

 are fur the cows' winter provender. '1 hey more 

 than pay for themselves in the milk and butter, to 

 say nothing of the saving of hay and other proven- 

 der. With a very little hay, together with the 

 corn fodder and roots, a good cow (and he finds it 

 economy always to keep the hest,) may be kept 

 through the winter. 



Potatoes for summer and autumn use are plant- 

 ed on the margin, and wherever there is a vacant 

 chance for a hill, a department is expressly devoted 

 to them, large enough to raise all that are wanted 

 for the table, and enough to spare for the hogs, &c. 



So far as relates to bread, butter, pork — and he 

 might add, poultry. 



Then the rest ofthe land is devoted to too many 

 things to mention here : beets, parsnips, cabbages, 

 turnips, green beans, peas, green corn, cucumbers, 

 melons, squashes, summer and winter sorts, &c., 

 besides fruit and flowers of various kinds; grapes, 

 Antwerp raspberries, black do., currants, white, 

 red, black and yellow ; English and coHunon goose- 

 berries, and a few choice apple, pear, pluin, cherry, 

 peach and quince trees. All this from a single 

 acre, which he cultivates mostly with his own hands. 



Scab in Sheep. — The following remarks are from 

 the pen of one ofthe most experienced and compe- 

 tent wool growers in this country. We have had 

 some acquaintance with the remedies proposed be- 

 low, and can add our testimony to their value : 



•'The scab is very contagious, but when observ- 

 ed at an early pi^riod, it may easily bo cured, or at 

 least prevented from spreading. One of the best 

 remedies is a strong decoction of tobacco, to be 

 applied to the diseased parts, after scratching off 

 the sciibs with a comb or other instrument. The 

 decoction of tobacco mixed with lime water and 

 oil of vitriol, and used constantly, when necessary 

 for some time, will generally ertect a radical cure. 



he makes rich. He applies to it before ploughing, j Another excellent remedy is a decoction of helle. 

 at the rate of eighteen or twenty cords of long ma- I bore, mixed with vinegar, suljihur, and spirits of 

 nure, (or six t J the third of an acre) and turns it ; turpentine. Internal remedies are of no use, ex- 

 under by the plough. He plants the hills three j eept when the disorder has induced other corn- 

 feet and a half apart one way and three feet the [ plaints, by weakening the general health."— ^i6a- 

 other — eradh) hy measurement with a line, ^n \riy Cultivator. 



each hill he deposites a shovel full of old rotten i 



hog manure as will not over stimulate the crop. — | He that deserves nothing should be content 

 From this third of an acre he has realized on an j with any thing. 



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