V!>!.. XIX. NO. le. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



123 



of the butter ; "liile an eritirely dry, tallony ap- 

 pearance, is equally disapproved ; .'jrd, a fresh fra- 

 grant perfume, and a sweet kerjielly taste; 4th, 

 good butter will, above all, be distinguished by 

 keeping fur a considerable time, without acquiring 

 an (lid or rancid flavor. * # * j 



The quantity of food which can be afforded to 

 the cows during winter, is ascertained at the begin- 

 ning of the season, when the harvest returns are 

 known ; and in plentiful years the calculation is, 

 that each cow should be allowed 3 sacks of grain, 

 (generally oats of 140 lbs. each sack,) .31)00 lbs. of 

 straw, including beddjng, and J800 lbs. of good 

 hay ; whilst for every hundred pounds of hay less, 

 she uuist receive 25 lbs. of grain more, or vice versa. 

 As during the winter months, when the cows 

 are conlined to dry food, the butter loses its fine 

 yellow color, the defect is sought to be remedied 

 by an admixture of colorrng matter ; and indeed a 

 high Color in butter so much regulates its price in 

 some markets (as in Spain and Portugal,) tliat the 

 export merchant insists on the desirable shade be- 

 ing imparted when it ceases to be natural. The 

 best ingredients for this purpose are found to be, a 

 mixture of annolta and turmeric, in the proportion 

 of 5 oz. of the latter to 1 lb. of the former. 



The average quantity of milk obtained here from 

 good stock, may be estimated at from 2000 to 3000 

 quarts per annum, according to the food and care 

 bestowed on them ; the produce of which has been 

 calculated in the following ratio ; every 100 lbs. of 

 milk will give 3 1-4 lbs. of butter, 6 lbs, fresh 

 cheese, J 4 lbs. butter-milk (exclusive of the water 

 added before and after churning,) and 76 3-4 lbs. 

 of whey; and, though the qualities of individual 

 cows, the nature of their pasture or other food, and 

 the atmospheric changes, occasion an almost end- 

 less variety of result, still it may be considered as 

 a fair average that 15 quarts of milk are required 

 for a pound of butter; for although from some cows 

 a pound may be obtained from 12 quarts, yet others 

 and even the same cows, at different seasons and 

 with different food, (sut-h as beets or raw potatoes,) 

 wm not produce a pound of butter from less than 

 17 or 18 quarts. On the whole, it is esteemed a 

 fair return in these duchies when the average pro- 

 duce of the dairy amounts to 100 lbs. of but'ter and 

 150 lbs. of cheese per cow. When calves are fat- 

 tened for the market, so much butter and cheese 

 cannot be expected — from the generally received 

 opinion that fine veal (and the veal of these coun- 

 tries is very fine,) can only be secured by feeding 

 with milk fresh from the cow ; they are usually fed 

 for 10 or 12 weeks, and attain the weight of from | 

 120 to 150 lbs. when slaughtered. ° [ 



Jtlaagachiistilts Horticultural Society. 



BXHIBITIOS OF FRUITS. 



Saturday, Oct. 10, 1640. 



Pears — By the President, M. P. Wilder, Esq., 

 the following varieties: Belmont; Columbian; 

 lleathcote ; Urbaniste; Chaumontel and Thomp- 

 son. 



By R. Manning: Hacon's Incomparable; Cala- 

 bash; Beurre Bronze; Marie Louise ; Jalousie and 

 Pulton. 



By S. Pond: Surpasse Virgalieu; Beurre Diel ; 

 Urbaniste; Wilkinson and Dix — the last uncom- 

 monly fine. 



By E. M. Richards: Heathcote. 



By S. Downer: Dix and Lewis. 



By J. L. L. F. Warren : Duchess d' Angoulenie. 



From the garden of Dr. Adams, Boston: Splen- 

 did specimens of St. Michael's and St. Germain. 



.Apples. — By S. Downer: Seek-no-Farther ; La- 

 dy Apple j Hawthorndean ; Sun Apple and Lyp- 

 com. 



By M. P. Wilder, Esq. : Fall Sopsavine ? a fine 

 apple. 



From the garden of Josiah Robbins, Esq., Ply- I p t)'"ii" 

 mouth: specimens of the Monstrous Pippin, one of i ■ ' r.' „ 

 which weighed 1 lb. and .3 oz. j 



By J. L. L. F. Warren : Iluhbardston Nonsuch ; [ 

 Pearmain, and one variety without a name. 



From the garden (if C. H. Eldrcdge : three va- 

 ri(;ties of Apples for names — one of which was the 

 Hubbardston Nonsuch. 



From the garden of Mrs Bigelow : fine speci- 

 mens of apples without names. 



By S. Downer: specimens of the Orange Quince. 

 By B. Whipple, Charlestown : Portugal Quinces. 

 By G. W. Macondray : Orange Quinces. 

 Grapes — From the garden of Perrin May, Esq.: 

 very fine Black Hamburgs — open culture. 

 By S. Downer: Catawba. 

 By C. Golderman, Chelsea : Isabella. 

 From E. M. Richards: Seedling Clingstone 

 Peaches — very fine. 



For the Committee, 



P. B. HOVEY, Jr. 



Standing Committees. 

 Commiltee on Fruits. 



R. Manning, Chairman. 

 B. V. French, 

 Wm. Oliver, 

 S. Downer, 



vey, jr., 

 rosvenor. 



W. Kenrick, 



J A. Kenrick, 



S. Pond, 



J. L. L. F. Warren, 



O. Johnson. 



C. M. Hovey, Chairman, 



D. Haggerston, 

 Joseph Breck, 

 S. Sweetser. 



Committee on Flowers. 



S. R. Johnson, 

 W. E. Carter, 

 Josiah Sticknev. 



OFFICERS OF THE MASS. HORTICULTU- 

 RAL SOCIETY. 

 At the annual meeting of the Society held Octo- 

 ber 3d, 1840, the following gentlemen were elected 

 officers for the ensuing yeiir : 



President. 

 M. P. WILDER. 



Vice Presidents. 



WILLIAM OLIVER, 



B. V. FRENCH, 

 JONA. WINSHIP, 



C. NEWHALL. 



Treasurer. 



S. WALKER. 



CorrespoiidinfT Secretary, 



R. T. PAINE. 



Recordimc Secretary. 

 E. M. RICHARD.S. 



Council. 

 S. DOWNER, 



A. ASPINWALL, 

 T. LEE, 



WILLIAM OLIVER, 

 JONA. WINSHIP, 



B. V.FRENCH, 



B. M. RICHARDS, 

 L. P. GROSVENOR, 

 P. B. HOVEY, Jr. 

 R. MANNING, 

 O. JOHNSON, 

 W. KENRICK. 



Prof, of Botany and rcselaUe Physiology. 



JOHN LEWIS RUSSELL, A. M. 



Professor of Entomology. 



T. W. HARRIS, M. D. 



Professor of Horticultural Chemistry. 



S. L. DANA, M. D. 



Committee on Vegetahles. 



S. Pond, Chairman. A. D. Williams, 



P. B. Hovey, jr., Joseph Breck, 



Rufus Howe, J. A. Kenrick. 



John Hovey, 



Committee on the Library. 



T. Lee, Chairman. 

 R. T. Paine, 

 Wm. Oliver, 



C. K. Dillaway, 

 C. M. Hovey, 

 R. Manning. 



Committee on Synonyms of Fruit. 



R. Manning, Chairman. 

 S. Downer, 



E. M. Richards, 

 V/. Kenrick. 



Executive Committee. 



M. P. Wilder, Chairman. 

 Wni. Oliver, 

 B. V. French, 



E. M. Richards, 

 C. M. Hovey. 



Finance Committee. 



E. Vose, Chairman. | W. Oliver, 



B. V. French. 



Attest, E. M. RICHARDS, 



Recording Sec'ry, 



ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 

 "vVe have received of Capt. Chandler, from {fie 

 House of Industry, some of the largest b' ets ever 

 raised in this country without exce-ption. One 

 French Sugar weighs 28 lbs., and a. Klanael Wurt. 

 zel 26. VVe defy the agricultural communitV to 

 produce larger. VVe have also received from the 

 same g-enteman, some specimens of the Globe 

 Mangel Wlirtzel. The seed was imported from 

 England last year. They are said to be superior to 

 other kinds on account of the smallness of the tops 

 and producing ,u3ore to the acre. 



Through the politeness of Mr- Isaac Parker, of 

 Xiexington, we have been favored with a bunch of 

 raspberry bushes, covered with splendid ripe ber- 

 ries, fruit of the second crop. It is verv seldom we 

 have a season warm enough to ripen two crops of 

 I fruit. We consider them quite a curiosity. 



Lovett Peters, Esq., of Westboro', has sent us 

 a box of difi'erent kinds of apples. Amomr the 

 rich varieties it contained, were the Lyscom" and 

 the 'Sopsavine' or ' Sops of Wine.' These last 

 are some of the finest flavored fruit we have tasted : 

 the inside is a very dark red or blood color. 



J. B. 



Maj. John Mason, of Gloucester, raised this sea. 

 son six crook-necked squashes from a single seed 

 weighing one hundred and eighteen lbs. twelve oz. 



