•Yiti,. ^:\x. yo. 3'J. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



171 



wero ill a ilihipiUUcd coiulition. Placinn- upon tlie 

 farm u sufficient number of cows to consiinie its 

 annual pioduce, lie entered at once into the milk 

 business. For several years his profits, above the 

 support of a huge family, were expended in re- 

 claimint; and iniprovini,^ his soil, in rebuilding his 

 fences, and in erectins and repairing his farm 

 buiidintfti. He early commenced the raising of 

 Durham s.ock and English hogs, and hy careful 

 personal ultention and oversight has rendered his 

 land rich and productive, brought his farm into a 

 higii state of cultivation, obtained a valuable stock 

 both of cattle anu hogs, and receives a large an- 

 nual income above all his expenses. 



I his, as your committee believe, has all been 

 affected with but a small additional outlay of cap- 

 ital, and is in fact the result of a thorougly digest- 

 ed system adapted to tiie peculiar circumstances 

 of the location and the character of the soil, and 

 carried into complete execution by the activity, in- 

 dustry, and personal efforts of Air Townsend. 



It IS certainly true that all this might never 

 have occurred had the farm been so lar distant as to 

 preclude the furnishing of milk in the city. That 

 circumstance, however, has relercnce now only to 

 the amount of the profits, and does not afioct the 

 character of the cultivation. Allowance also must 

 be made for the fact, that Mr T. possesses outlands 

 for pasture. This also merely increases the re- 

 ceipts ol the farm. 



Second Pnmium. — In respect to the second pre- 

 mium, yciur committee felt less hesitation. They 

 considered Mr Davis's farm better land, and, as a 

 whole, better cultivated than either of the remain- 

 ing nix. 



Third Premium. — The third premium they have 

 awarded to James D. Wooster, of Middlebiiry. 

 They consider Mr W. entitled to all praise for the 

 good condition into which he has brought his farm, 

 naturally so hard, stoney, and unproductive. Those 

 born and living upon our plains can have little 

 idea of the immense amount of labor thus expend- 

 ed. Although the crops by the acre, and the esti- 

 mated receipts are less than those of several of the 

 remaining, still the well arranged buildings, all in 

 excellent condition, the admirable fences, the im- 

 provement effected by judicious draining, the gen- 

 eral air of careful and thorough tillage upon the 

 farm as a whole, and his fine stock, entitle this 

 farm, in our judgment, to the third place on our 



list. 



»■»*•»»» 



All which is respectfully submitted, by order of 

 the Committee. 



CHARLES ROBINSON, 



Citairmmi. 



its oleagciious principle, which must be supplied, 

 or, as a necessary consequence, it will crack and 

 ultimately break. 



I5e careful of your stock diirinj this and tlio en- 

 suing inclement and severe months, and be sure to 

 give them their food at least thrre times a day. 

 If you have no stables or sheds for your stock, t)ro- 

 vide them with shelter, if it be nothing more than 

 one made of pine brush, for all aniiniil creation de- 

 lights in being kept comfortably warm. Stock of 

 all kinds should be salted twice a week. 



If you have any beeves that you are fattening 

 for sile or for home consumption, you will greatly 

 facilitate your object by feeding four or five times 

 in the course of the day, and at least once a week 

 giving a quart of flaxseed boiled into a jelly, and 

 given in a mess of corn meal. The animals should 

 be kept constantly in a stall, and be curried and 

 well rubbed down night and morning. No filth 

 must be suffered to accumulate in their stalls, and 

 their manger should be washed out once a week 

 with a solution of salt and water. A handful of 

 pulverized chalk should also once a week be mixed 

 with tiieir feed. — American Farmer. 



USEFUL HINTS. 



It should be the business of every prudent agri- 

 culturist on the commencement of winter, to over- 

 haul all his tools and implements, and to have such 

 as need it repaired, so as to be in readiness for the 

 ensuing season's operations ; nor should he permit 

 any thing of the kind to remain exposed to the 

 weather — plougiis, harrows, carts, and indeed eve- 

 ry thing of the kind, should be carefully put away 

 under cover. 



All leather gearing should be thoroughly rubbed 

 "with neat's fool oil. By being thus cleaned, three 

 or four times a year, they will last as long again 

 as they would if not thus treated, and the reason is 

 obvious ; the sun and air extracts from the leather 



For the New England Farmer. 



THRESHING MACHINE. 



Gentlemen — In your last week's paper, under 

 the head of Threshing Machine, you allude to mine, 

 but do not give the description so fully as I think 

 it deserves, I will therefore make along story of it, 

 which you may publish or not, as you think proper, 

 without giving any offence. 



In 182(i I commenced farming on the Scotch 

 system of angular ploughing, rotation of crops, 

 draining, &c. The man 1 first employed said I 

 must have a threshing mill on the Scotch plan — 

 stationary and to be moved by at least four horse 

 power: he stated that it could be constructed to 

 thresh clean seventy bushels per hour and that in 

 Scotland those owning mills would thresh for one 

 half the straw and chaff, and labor being higher 

 here, we could obtain all the straw and chaff, which 

 would assist the manure. 



Not having full faith in the plan, I caused one 

 to be constructed in a cheap manner, wliich thresh- 

 ed and winnowed, in presence of the late Hon. 

 Timothy Pickering, Hon. E. II. Derby, Gorham 

 Parsons and others, distinguished for their taste 

 in agricultural matters, 76 1-2 bushels oats in one 

 hour, cleaning them fit for market. Mr Parsons 

 held the watch during the time. 



The quantity we had to thresh for others being 

 great, and my faith having been firmly fixed, (part- 

 ly by seeing ninety tons of straw left on the farm 

 in one year, and seeing farmers bring their grain 

 8 miles,) induced me to rebuild the mill in the best 

 manner possible, substituting iron for wood when- 

 ever it could be done : this was in 1830, and it 

 has not had one cent expended on it since, and will 

 thresh and clean 65 bushels wheat or 80 bushels 

 oats in one hour, with one boy to drive the horses, 

 one man to feed the mill, one to hand him the 

 (Train, and one to measure it up. The chaff falls at 

 one end, the straw at the other; the heavy grain 

 inns down one spout all winnowed, and the light 

 at another. 



The expense of a machine of this kind, to pur- 

 chase and hire every thing, I should estimate at 

 |300 ; but as I have mechanics hired by the year. 



and who done the work on my machine when at 

 leisure, I do not think it cost me so much as the 

 sum above stated. That it paid long since for the 

 cost, ( am well satisfied. 



Tlie horse power is constructed for C horses, al- 

 though sometimes we u.se but 3. It is the best 

 place to train a colt for harness I ever saw. We 

 have trained our own and many neighbors', and 

 never found it to fail, even with the most refracto- 

 ry and stubborn. 



The horse-power is outside the barn, covered with 

 a thatched roof 32 feet diameter: the machine oc- 

 cupies 15 feet by 10 in the basement or cellar of 

 the barn, and the same above. 



I am well convinced these machines ."hoiild be 

 stationary to do the work well, but I saw them on 

 the same principle, for two horses, on many farms 

 in Scotland and England, moving from one farm 

 to another; but, like a grist or any other mill, the 

 more firm they are the better work they will do. 



I am certain no farmer could make a better in- 

 vestment than to supply himself with a machine of 

 this kind. If any of your readers should need one, 

 I have patterns of the castings of mine, and could, 

 recommend a good mechanic to construct it. 



Yours, &c. BENJ. POOllE. 



Indian Hill Farm, near j\'etcburyport, Mass. 



An Exhortation to Farmers' Daughters. — Our 

 fears are, not that there are not many excellent 

 dairy women in the land, but that the benefits of 

 their knowledge and practice will be lost in the 

 new generation that is springing up. Hundreds 

 and thousands of farmers' daughters leave the homes 

 of their mothers and seek other employments, as if 

 it were a disrelish of that which may be practically 

 more and more scarce. The occupation is strip- 

 ped by the demand fbr young women as operatives 

 in factories, as milliners or sewers, shoe binders or 

 straw braiders, or in some other mechanical opera- 

 tion. How few thus employed come short of the 

 qualifications of the virtuous maid who obtains the 

 be.st part of her education under the roof of her 

 own father, from the instruction of her mother that 

 knows how to do everything coming within the 

 province of the wife of a thriving farmer — who is 

 entirely at home in all that pertains to the dairy, 

 the economic il use and due preparation of articles 

 of food and clothing, and who suffer none of her 

 household Ic "to eat the bread of idleness." 



If not to the rising fair generation, to whom 

 shall we look for the hands that are to supply so 

 important a portion of subsistance as the products 

 of the dairy? The farmer may keep his forty, 

 fifty, or a hundred cows : if there be none meet to 

 oversee and lead in the preparation of the milk, 

 after it goes to the dairy room — if their be no fe- 

 male to prepare the vessels, none to direct in strain- 

 ing and setting of the milk, the extrication and dis- 

 position of the cream, the churning into butter, the 

 separation of the buttermilk, the clean and perfect 

 salting down — if all this is expected of men, and 

 not women; how miserably shall we hereafter 

 drop away in the prodiice of a most profitable and 

 most useful article in the production of the farm 

 at that precise time when there is the most sura 

 encouragement for the farmer to enter upon and 

 persevere in the business of the dairy? — Hill's 

 Monthly J'isitor. 



The whole work in ploughing an English statute 

 acre, may be estimated as extending to 20,410 yds., 

 or eleven miles and nearly five furlongs. ._ .^,,. , 



