VOI-. > IX NO. 39. 



AND horticult[;ral register 



the mounds ; of tho latter, I would recommend 

 Stromlms gigans, Triton vnriegatiis, and Hatiolis 

 asisiin. Tin; more rare and beiiutiful shells may 

 be appropriately assigned to the summer-house. 



809 



(Fig- 2 ) (F,g. 3.) 



X X two scats, each occupying 2 ft J and K 



passages leading to summer-house and green-house 

 — L summer-house— M green-house-^N N N N 

 four Grecian pedestals for urns, statues, arid heavy 

 mineral specimens— R RR R four small columns, 



9 feet high, connected in the centre at the top^ 

 with a hook under the centre (fig. 2,) for suspend- 

 ing a lamp or bird-cage— grapes trained over the 

 frame — S S two fixtures for transparencies — T T 

 two seats (fig. 4,) surrounded by an arched arbor 



10 ft. high, thrown over the walk, ornamented on 

 one side with honeysuckle, on the other by climb- 

 ing Boursaut rose— U U two ornamental frames, 

 4 ft. 6 in. square, (fig. 3,) may be covered with a 

 variety of our native clematis— V V two structures 

 9 ft. high and 3 ft 6 in. wide, (fig. 4,) 4 feet from 

 east fence, covered with American Bitter-sweet, 

 Celaslnts scandens. 



(Fig- 4.) (Fig. 5.) 



The ground on the outside of the eliptical walk, 

 east, a grass lawn, diversified with fruit and orna- 

 mental trees, commencing next the walk with the 

 lowest shrub, and rising to the east in gradation to 

 •.he largest tree. Many of our beautiful native 

 Sowers and shrubs are found to thrive under the 

 shade and drip of lofty trees, and may here be 

 )lanted in occasional groups. 



The ground on the west side of the eliptical 

 »alk, grass lawn, shrubbery and filbert bushes, to 



he e.xtreme west of the green-house. O and P 



ruit and ornamental trees and native shrubs— R 

 lative flowers— Q. tulips and late flowering exotic 

 )lants— O O diminutive rustic alcoves, from thrifty 

 rrowing plants of upright privet, Liguslrum slric- 

 um, formed by placing a platform of light boards 

 ! ft. 6 in. from the ground, and 3 ft. long, and 1 ft. 

 i in. wide, on the twigs of the privet ; those in the 

 entre of the platform to be trimmed off" close to 

 ts under side, and those on the back and sides to 

 •e led up round the platform, entwined and arched ; 



the door to bo constructed from the twigs in front, 

 and an opening left 2 ft. Gin. high, which is the 

 height of the dome. 



This described ornamental pleasure ground, con- 

 taining some hundreds of trees and s'hnibs, pns- 

 sessing the color of green in common, yet diff".'ring 

 in both the shape and shade of the leaf, add much 

 to adorn this spot by their variegated moving foli- 

 age, light and shade. 



D K F and G four principal compartments, each 

 43 ft. (> in. by 43 ft.— D has a circle in the centre 20 

 feet in diameter, a parterre for annual flowers; in 

 the centre a sun-dial ; a walk 4 feet wide surrounds 

 the circle, and from it north and south ; the residue 

 oHhe ground D allotted to Dahlias, &c.— R, F 

 G, coinpaitments for culinary vegotable.s, strawber- 

 ries, and an occasional plum tree— U B B outside 

 borders 6 ft. wide, for currants, gooseberries, rasp- 

 berries, cSic. ; in tho centre of the north border a 

 small board suspended, labelled, " Kasle ,iol,w,i,it 



not ;" near which bee-hives borders for 



small flowers on the south and north side of D and F. 

 borders south side of E and G for for- 

 eign grape vines and herbaceous perennial flower- 

 ing plants. On each side of centre walk, ::::;:::::::::::: 

 trellis for native grape vines ; posts 7 feet high 

 with 5 rods of wire crossed at equal distance ; "at 

 the southern extremity of trellis, a light arch, on 

 the back or north side of which, may be inscribed, 

 " fl'ilh dusttred grapes He crowns the vine." At 

 the northern extremity of trellis, an arbor thrown 

 over the walk 12 feet long, more for ornament than 

 use; grapes in our northern latitudes ripen better 

 on the open trellis. 



Candytuft, Jbrls umbelluta, a good annual border 

 flower: Dwarf Iris, his pumila, and yellow flower- 

 ing stone crop, Sedum aizoji, pretty biennial bor- 

 dering. 



On a subject embracing such variety, it is not 

 best to be more minute on border or other plants, 

 as the collection and selection of plants, and the 

 invention of other ornamental decorations, will af- 

 ford amusement to the man of taste, and to him 

 this pleasing occupation must be left. 



" Oh sages ! think on joy like this, 

 And Where's your boast of apathy." 



From the New Genesee Farmer. 



HOOF AIL— ITS CAUSES AND CURE. 



Messrs Editors- I observed in one of your 

 papers?, an inquiry respecting the cause of the dis- 

 ease called hoof-ail in cattle ; and having paid 

 some attention to the subject, I will cheerfully 

 give you the result of my observation and the pre- 

 vailing opinions here, which you are at liberty to 

 publish, if you think they will be of service to any 

 of your readers. 



In the winter of I83(U-7, this disease made great 

 ravages among the cattle in this vicinity. Freez- 

 ing of the feet was at first assigned as the cause ; 

 but many proofs to the contrary soon led to the 

 abandonment of this opinion, and ergot was sub- 

 stituted as the mischievous agent. 



I believe it is an opinion well established that 

 ergot of rye, or Se-ntc cornulum, has given rise to 

 gangrene in the human species. This circumstance 

 and tne similarity which exists between it and the 

 disease under consideration, afl'ord good reason for 

 the belief that the causes may be similar. 



Ergot may sometimes be found in large quanti- 

 ties in June or spear grass — whether it differs in 

 its chemical properties from ergot of rye, I am not 



able to say— presume it does not materially. This 

 grass, as is well known, is apt to run out timothy 

 and clover, consc(piently it grows in excess in old 

 meadows, and to the ergot growing on it tin- dis- 

 ease is attributable. I have made many ini,uirie8 

 but never found a case occurring where the animal 

 had not been fed on hny containing it. 



I will mention a few facts in confirmation of this 

 opinion. Mr W. had 50 head of cattle fed upon 

 hay mown from old meadows — the greater part of 

 which was .Tunc grass. Only one of the 50 escap. 

 ed the disease. A tenant upon the same farm, kept 

 his cattle within 20 or 30 rods of the preccdimr 

 but fed them upon hay of marsh grass, and tliey es- 

 caped the disease. Mr C, on the adjoining farm, 

 had some .lune grass among his bay, but not so 

 much as W. Only two or three of his cattle were 

 afl-ected, till the latter part of April, when, being 

 out of hay, he procured some of \V. ; and in a few 

 days five of them had the disease. Another neigh- 

 bor, Mr B., had wintered his cows well, but in 

 spring, being out of hay, he also procured s..me of 

 Mr VV". ; and before long, all that had eaten it be- 

 came afl^ected with hoof-ail. Mr K., on an adjoin- 

 ing farm, fed his cattle on straw, and none of the 

 disease appeared amongst them. Dr. Stimson says 

 he fed his cattle on hay containing a large propor- 

 tion of June grass. Good atteQ^ion was given them, 

 but many became afl'ected wi^h the disease ; and 

 it continued to increase until he stopped feeding 

 the hay, and gave them turnips and other food, af- 

 ter which no more hoof-ail appeared. 



I could mention numerous other cases, affording 

 conclusive evidence that this disease is caused by 

 ergot on June grass— but I fear it will make this 

 communication too long to enumerate them. I 

 will remark, that in this section of country, (Upper 

 Canada,) this grass had an abundance of ergot 

 growing upon it last season ; and consequently we 

 may expect to see cattle affected with hoof-ail again 

 this winter. Indeed it has already made its ap- 

 pearance amongst my father's stock. He com- 

 menced feeding a lot of hay found to contain ergot, 

 to some calves, on the 2d or 3d of December ; and 

 on the 12th, nine of them had the disease. We 

 immediately changed their food and cut off" the 

 points of their hoofs, so that they bled freely. They 

 are now doing well. 



This treatment generally effects a cure, unless 

 the disease has been of long standing. The dis- 

 ease rarely affects the fore feet, f have never; 

 seen an instance, but have heard it asserted that it 

 will sometimes occur. 



Respectfully, yours, N. 



St. George, U. C, Jan., 1841. 



Oftentimes, extravagant praise is bestowed on a 

 light, loamy land farmer, whp has not a stone or 

 other obstruction on his lanJ, and which has been • 

 well tilled by his predecessor for the last genera- 

 tion — while the stony-land farmer, with equal skill 

 and who exercises ten times the laborious exertion, 

 is passed unnoticed by superficial observers. 



It is not known where he who invented the plough 

 was born, nor where he died ; yet he has eff'ected 

 more for the happiness of the world than the whole 

 race of heroes and conquerors who have drenched 

 it with tears and manured it with hlood, and whose 

 birth, parentage and education, have been handed 

 down to us with a precision precisely proportionate 

 to the mischief they have done. 



