VOI-. -VIX -VO. 50. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER 



397 



Working Oxen and Steers. 

 For the best pair of workinij oxen, ruisod 

 and trained in tlie county, $10 



For the next l)est do. 



For the best pair of steers, not less than 

 two nor more than throe yeara old, C 



For the tie.vt best.rto. S 



-For the jc.st pair of yearling eteera, accus- 

 tomed to the yoke, 5 

 For the next best do. 3 

 The committee are authorized to distribute 2 

 vols, oftlio N. E. Fanner and '4 vols, of the Yan- 

 kee Farmer. 



Plowing Match. 

 The Piowinrr Match will commence at 9 o'clock, 

 A. M., on the day of exhi'iition. 



1st premium, $8 



2d do. 6 



3d do. 4 



4th do. 3 



."ith do. 2 



The work to be performed with one yoke of ox- 

 en. 



The committee are authorized to distribute 3 

 vols, of the N. E. Farmer and 3 vols, of the Yan- 

 kee Farmer. 



Jlrlirhs of the Dairy. 

 For the be.st butter, not less than 50 lbs., $.5 

 For next best do. not less than 25 lbs. ;} 



Next best do. do. 2 



For the best cheese, not less than ~00 lbs. T> 



For next best do., not less than 100 lbs. 3 



Next best do. do. 2 



The committee are authorized to distribute 2 

 vols, of the N. E. Farmer and 2 vols, of the Yan- 

 kee Farmer. 



ock, A. M. on the day of cxhi- 



$25 

 J 5 

 10 



Fruits and Vegetables. 

 The committee on Fruits and Vegetables, are 

 authorized to distribute twenty dollars for extraor- 

 dinary fruits and vegetables that may be deposited 

 for exhibition. 



Inventions. 



The committee are authorized to distribute 

 for inventions and improvements in the struc- 

 ture of implements of agriculture, &,c. as re- 

 wards of ingenuity, $20 



The committee are authorized to distribute 2 

 vols, of the N. E. Fariner and 2 vols, of the Yan- 

 kee Farmer. 



Manufactures. 

 The committee on cloths and the most use- 

 ful articles of household manufacture, are 

 authorized to award in premiums, according 

 to their judgment of the comparative excel- 

 lence and utility of the articles presented, $75 



Bonnets and Fancy Articles. 

 The committee on articles of usefulness 

 and fancy, are authorized to award $50 



Cocoons and Silk. 

 To the person who shall raise and exhibit 



the largest quantity of cocoons, $4 



For the next greatest quantity, 3 



For the next do. do. 2 



For every ounce of wrought silk, raised 



and worked in the county, ten cents. 



P. S. Cloths, fancy articles, products of the 



dairy, cocoons and silks, articles of invention, fruits, 



vegetables, &c. must be deposited in the Town 



House before 'J 

 bition. 



Articles manufuctured oiit of Plymouth county, 

 not admis.^able. 



Preminms Claimable in Future Years. 



1. To the person who shall ontlie first day of 

 September, 1842, have the largest quantity 

 of hind in the best slate of preparation for 

 English mowing, which is now fresh meadow 

 or swamp land, 



2. Second premium for the same object, 



3. Third do. do. do. 



4. For the most accurate and satisfactory 

 experiment in the application of manure, pre- 

 uiiiiju payable in 1842, 2" 



.5. To the person who shall make the most 

 valuable and extensive general improvements 

 on his farm, before September 1st, 184fi, 5f 



C. To the person who shall make the next 

 most valuable improvements, 3C 



7. For the most extensive forest, of any sort 

 of trees suitable for timber, raised from the 

 seed, not less than 1000 trees to the acre, 

 which shall be in the most flourishing condi- 

 tion and more than five years old in Septem- 

 ber, 1845, 50 



8. Second premium for the same object, 30 



9. Third do. do. do. 20 

 Claims to these premiums numbered 1,2, 3, Sand 



C, must be made to Isa'ac Alden, of East Bridge- 

 wtiler, on or before the first day of June, 1841, 

 that the committee may acquaint themselves with 

 the condition of the farms at that time, and become 

 better qualified to judge of the actual improve- 

 ments. 



Premiums not demanded within one year will 

 be considered as generously giyen to promote the 

 objects of the Society. 



On all premiums above five dollars, awarded to 

 gentlemen not members of the Society, the Treasu- 

 rer is directed to make a deduction of 25 per cent., 

 to increase the funds. 



'J'he Trustees will not consider themselves 

 obliged by tlie terms of the above off'ers, to give a 

 premium in any case, when it shall be evident there 

 iias been no competition, nor more than ordinary 

 exertion. 



All entries for premiums may be made by let- 

 ters, post paid. Letters not post paid, will not be 

 considered. 



Dy order of the 'i'rustees, 



■■\10RRILL ALLEN. 



Bridgewaler, Jan. ISJl. 



From the British Farmer's Magazins. 



ON PREPARING NIGHT-SOIL. 



Sir — I observed a few days ago in one of your 

 late periodicals, an inquiry, by a correspondent, 

 for the best method of preparing night-soil, for ma- 

 nure. He said, " he had mixed it with lime, and 

 a very strong smell of ammonia was evolved, 

 whereby he feared the efficacy of the manure 

 might be impaired. These conclusions are per- 

 fectly correct ; its rflicacy as organic manure, 

 would be destroyed by the use of lime. 



When an organic body containing nitrogen un- 

 dergoes putrefaction, and moisture present, the ni- 

 trogen unites with the hydrogen of the water and 

 forms ammonia ; the oxygen, the other element of 

 water, unites with the carbon of tlie putrifying 

 body, and forms carbonic acid ; both these trans- 



formations, in their nascent state, combine and 

 form carbonate of ammonia, a volatile salt, which 

 is always evaporating with water, as long as the 

 decomposition continues. Such invariably takes 

 place in nitrogenous bodies. 



When lime is added to a body holding carbon- 

 ate of ammonia in solution, as in night-soil, the 

 anmioniacal salt is decomposed ; the lime robs it 

 of its carbonic acid, and caustic ammonia, a still 

 more volatile compound, flies off" in gas : thus we 

 have got rid of all the nitrogen the organic com- 

 pound contained. 



Organic manure, without nitrogen, is of very 

 liltle value It pervades every part of the vegeta- 

 ble structure, and no plant will attain maturity, 

 even in the richest mould, without its presence. — 

 The relative value of manure may be known by 

 the relative quantity of nitrogen it contains. There 

 does not appear to be any manure so rich in nitro- 

 gen as human excrement, (except bone manure, 

 which contains upwards of 30 per cent, of gela- 

 tine in its interstices ;) so much so, that according 

 to the analyses of Macairo and Marcct, 100 parts 

 of human urine are equal to l-'iOO parts of fresh 

 dung of the horse, GOO parts of the cow, and 450 

 parts of the urine of the horse. Hence it is evi- 

 dent that it would be of much importance if none 

 of the human excrements were lost, especially when 

 we consider that with every pound of urine a pound 

 of wheat might be produced. Now I would sug- 

 gest to your correspondent the best and most eco- 

 nomical method I know of preserving unimpaired 

 the most valuable element in night-soil, which is 

 as follows: To every 100 lbs. of night soil add 7 

 lbs. of sulphate of lime (gypsum) in powder ; a 

 double decomposition will ensue, and the result 

 will be, instead o^jsulphate of lime and carbonate 

 of ammonia, carbq|pte of lime and sulphate of am- 

 monia — the latter/5i soluble salt which cannot be 

 volatilized. It might now be mixed with other com- 

 post, or dried any way thought proper, and applied 

 to the roots of the vegetable, to be again trans- 

 formed into bread, butter, cheese, &c. 



Chloride of calcium, sulphuric or muriatic acid, 

 substances of low price, would completely neutral- 

 ize the urine, converting its ammonia into salts 

 which possess no volatility. 



I would also suggest that if the floors of stables 

 be strewed from time to time with a little sulphate 

 of lime, they will lose all their offensive smell, and 

 none of the ammonia which forms can be lost, but 

 retained in a condition serviceable as manure. In 

 close stables the horses' health would be better 

 preserved and they would not be so liable to get 

 blind as now. 1 3-4 lbs. of sulphate of lime will 

 fix as much ammonia as is produced by 100 lbs. of 

 horse's urine. 



I am, sir, your obedient servant, , 



GREGORY BRABYN. 

 Wanebridge, J^ov. 14. 



Soot as a manure. — A writer in the Farmer's 

 Journal says he has applied soot upon asparagus, 

 peas, and a variety of other vegetables, with as 

 much effect as if he had used solid dung; but to 

 plants in pots, particularly pines, he found it admi- 

 rably adapted ; when watered with it, they assume 

 a deep healthy green and grow strong and luxuri- 

 ant 



Vice stings us even in our pleasures, but virtue 

 consoles us even in our pains. — Lacon. 



