PART I — Worms or Wormlike Forms Attacking the 

 Foliage, Buds, Flowers, or Fruit 



This section includes a majority of the cranberry pests. The worms may 

 be classified by the following table: 



With much hair covering most of the body hairy worms (p. 45). 



Without much hair 1 



1. Legless or green and much flattened or working only inside the 



berries miscellaneous pests (p. 51). 



With legs, not flattened, and not confined to working in the fruit 2 



2. With habit of sewing the leaves together with silk fireworms (p. 5). 



Not sewing the leaves together 3 



3. The hind half of the body with only four legs spanworms (p. 36). 



The hind half of the body with more than four legs 4 



4. With a prominent sharp horn on the back near the hind end apple sphinx'*. 



With no such horn 5 



5. Green, without stripes along the sides cranberry s iwfly (p. 63). 



Not green, or if green, with noticeable side stripes cutuorms (p. 21). 



FIREWORMS 



These are relatively small worms and they wriggle vigorously when disturbed, 

 moving forward or backward with equal celerity. They sew together with silk 

 the leaves among which they feed and so form nests to protect themselves from 

 parasites and other foes. They usually begin this webbing soon after they 

 hatch, by sewing together three or four leaves at the tip of a single upright as 

 shown in.fig. 8. The later webbing varies somewhat but usually draws several up' 

 rights together finally. The worms often injure the foliage so that it turns brown 

 and looks as though a fire had burned the vines — hence the name fireworm. 



Five kinds of fireworms do material harm on Cape Cod bogs. They are dis' 

 cussed below in the order of their importance. They may be distinguished as 

 follows: 



Head black _ 1 



Head not black _ 2 



1. Body striped hill fireworm (p. 17). 



Body not striped black-headed fireworm (p. 6). 



2 Body with conspicuous white spots along the back and sides 



spotted fireworm (p. 19). 



Body without such spots 3 



3. Body with dull reddish lines along the back and sides 



red'Striped fireworm (p. 12). 



Body pale yellowish, without reddish lines yellow-headed fireworm (p. 11). 



*' Sphinx gordins Cram. These caterpillars grow to be about itwo and a quarter inches 

 long. As they mature they are smooth and green, but sometimes strongly shaded with pink 

 or purple, with seven parallel stripes slanting downward forward on each side, each com- 

 posed of a red line bordered above with rather deep brown and below with white. They 

 are ornamented also with many minute brown circles. They mature in August and Septem- 

 ber, and cranberry pickers often find them in their scoops. They almost never do much 

 harm and may be controlled readily with the derris spray advocated for the cranberry 

 fruitworm (p. 56). The gray moths expand three inches or more and are not uncommon on 

 the bogs in late May and June. See Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bui. 327:32, 1936. 



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