1856. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



243 



Phosphate of lime 10.09 



Pho?phate of Magnesia 10.00 



Perphosphate of Iron 8.05 



Carbonate of Potass 1-05 



Sulphate of Lime 3.01 



Silicic Acid 63.07 



Loss 3 



100.00 



Of horse manure — the animal being fed on oats, 

 straw and hay — one hundred i)arts contained — 



Of biliary matter, and coloring matter, in a state 



of alteration 3.7 



Mucus, (crude,) &c. &c 6.3 



Non-digested vegetable remains and ashes 20.2 



Water 69.8 



100.0 



The ashes amounted to six per cent., and their 

 composition, as developed by the analysis of Jack- 

 son, is as follows : — 



5.00 Phosphate of Lime. 

 18.75 Carbonate of Lime. 

 36.25 Phosphate of Magnesia. 

 40.00 Water. 



100.00 



An experiment which goes far towards demon- 

 strating the great value and efficacy of urine when 

 used manurially, was published not long since in 

 an English paper. We present it in the author's 

 own words : — 



"A box of fine white sand was exposed to a heat 

 sufficiently intense to dissipate its moisture and de- 

 stroy every particle of organized matter it con- 

 tained. It was then placed in a dry situation, and 

 some seeds of the Egyptian wheat being planted in 

 it, the whole mass was saturated with urine in a 

 state of incipient putridity. The result of the ex- 

 periment was that the wheat vegetated — grew ra- 

 pidly through the season, and in autumn, rather 

 before the maturation of the same grain in the 

 open fields, produced a remarkable yield of fine 

 and well developed grain. The application of the 

 liquid was made weekly during the season." 



Such facts have an important significance, and 

 should be recorded and carefully pondered by the 

 agriculturist. 



JVindham, Me., Apnl, 1856. 



deep, (2 or 3 inches) you have then an abiding root 

 deep and strengthened against the attacks of "Old 

 Jack Frost" who will never die, but at his word 

 every flower, leaf and blade, droops and dies. He 

 never compromises — all the garden is his and, man 

 is green, if he fails to heed his law. H. Poor. 

 jVeu> York, April llh, 1856. 



For the Neio England Farmer. 



WINTER KILLED WHEAT. 



Mr. Ed-itor : — Winter's great winding sheet is 

 rapidly being dissolved — the sunny breezes, for the 

 past few days, have an unusual welcome, every face 

 is joyous, and whose more so than the farmer who 

 anxiously looks for "seed time," and the green blade 

 of wheat that so early peers itself through the re- 

 maining snow. Very soon he will be enabled to 

 discover the winter-killed patches, if there are any, 

 and I would advise him to harrow over these patch- 

 es and sow as early as possible some spring tvJieat, 

 adding ashes and lime, or ashes alone, by which he 

 adds uniform beauty to his field, and the waste 

 spot is profitably employed. 



On the whole, it has been a favorable winter for 

 grain. The danger to the crop rises thus — a deep 

 snow to lie, while the grain is growing and before 

 the ground freezes, is likely to produce suffocation, 

 and rot, or an open or an early breaking up of win- 

 ter, throwing it out by the roots, by alternate thaw- 

 ing and freezing — this late spring is favorable. 



This teaches a lesson, that no other farm-work 

 should hinder — sow early in September, cultivate 



THIRTEENTH LEGISLATIVE AGRICUL- 

 TURAL MEETING. 



Repored for the Farmer bt H. E. Rockwell. 



The thirteenth and last of the series of Legislative 

 Agricultural Meetings was held in the Hall of the 

 House, Tuesday evening. The subject for consider- 

 ation was, "Fruits — their cultivation and preserva- 

 tion." 



Hon. Marshall P. Wilder was invited to take 

 the chair, and on doing so he spoke twenty min- 

 utes upon the topic assigned for the consideration 

 of the meeting, and with which he is so entirely fa- 

 miliar. Few subjects, he said, exhibit so remarka- 

 bly the progress of American society, as the culti- 

 vation of fruit. It is only about a quarter of a cen- 

 tury since the first horticultural society in our coun- 

 try was established — the Massachusetts society, and 

 a kindred one in Pennsylvania. Now, they are 

 scattered over the country, from Maine to Califor- 

 nia, and from the British Provinces to the Gulf of 

 Mexico. All are working harmoniously together, 

 and aiding the American Pomological Society, 

 whose influence extends throughout our national 

 domain. The extent of the demand for fruit trees 

 at the present time may be indicated by the fact 

 that from a single nursery in New York, $80,000 

 worth of trees and plants were sold last year. The 

 fruit crop in the United States is now believed to 

 exceed $30,000,000 in value annually, — more than 

 double the rye crop, and nearly equal to that of 

 the potato. It is rapidly increasing in importance, 

 and is destined to become one of the most impor- 

 tant departments of American husbandry. No coun- 

 try is better adapted to the cultivation of fruit than 

 ours, especially, of the apple and pear. Strange as 

 it may seem, there are some varieties of the pear 

 that seem to flourish better in Mississippi than in 

 our own section. The Julienne pear reaches the 

 weight of half a pound there, and the Beurre Diel 

 sometimes weighs a pound and a half; and these 

 from trees only seven years from the bud and fif- 

 teen feet high, bearing from one to two hundred 

 specimens each. 



It is not easy to calculate the importance of fruit 

 culture, whether we consider the crop as a luxury, 

 or as contributing to health and wealth. At no dis- 

 tant day, it is probable we shall be large exporters 

 of fruit to other countries. It is, therefore, a sub- 

 ject which deserves careful inquiry as to what is the 

 best mode of cultivation, and what are the varieties 

 best adapted to particular localities, and also, to 



