814 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



July 



er, which causes the wings to turn edgewise to the 

 wind. The tendency of the mill now is to revolve 

 slower and slower, until the tension of the springs 

 shall overcome the centrifugal force of the weights, 

 which will slip or draw them in towr.rds the centre 

 again, and thus turn the wings flat to receive the 

 wind, and give the mill, whenever the wind is suffi- 

 ciently strong, a uniform velocity, irrespective of 

 the variation of wind and resistance presented to it. 

 One weight controls three wings, by connecting one 

 to another. To give the mill greater or less veloc- 

 ity it is only necessary to diminish or increase the 

 tension of the springs, Y, which is done by turning 

 the nuts, n, out from or in towards the centre. To 

 provide against strong and sudden gusts of \Nind, 

 the wings are made wider on the back than on the 

 front side of their bearings, so that they will turn 

 back and crowd the weights out from the centre, 

 before the velocity necessary to do the same could 

 be acquired. 



The stop-wheel, C, and the rods, Z, connecting it 

 and the weights, constitute the stopping apparatus 

 which, operates as follows : — Thus, supj)ose brake 

 I (fig. 2) to be pressing upon tlie stop-wheel, and 

 thus stopping, or rather holding back, said wheel ; 

 while the main wheel turns on, then the point, O, 

 would rise to o, or as far above the wind-shaft as it 

 is now below it, and thus throw out the weights 

 from G to g, and turn all the wings edgewise to the 

 wind, causing them to stand still until the brake is 

 released ; the brake is made to operate by means 

 of a weight hung upon cord h. This governor and 

 stopping apparatus, it will be seen, revolve with and 

 constitute a part of the wind wheel, and are inde 

 pendent of every other part of the mill, thus mak' 

 ing the wind wheel alone self-regulating, and al- 

 most stopping in spite of the gale. 



By means of the brace M, and collar, S, together 

 with the iron bar, R, the strain of the mill, in its 

 tendency to be blown over, is brought on the bot- 

 tom of the post or standard as well as on the top. 

 If the mill were sustained by a continuation of the 

 apindle, P, a distance down into the post, the whole 

 mill, by the peculiar action of the wind, would ac- 

 quire a rocking motion, placing the spindle and 

 post in danger of being broken off, which liability 

 is wholly prevented by the above arrangement. — 

 Rotary motion is transmitted from the wind-wheel 

 to pulley \, by gearing, in the usual manner. 



Its parts are simple ; they are nearly all made of 

 strong, ii'on, so as to be very durable. Many of the 

 parts are provided with adjusting screws, whereby 

 a proper degree of tension may be secured ; the 

 machine may also be taken down, removed, and put 

 up again very easily. These mills are sold at prices 

 ranging from $50 to $800, according to size. For 

 the lowest sum a machine is furnished having 

 about the power, during a pleasant breeze, of one 

 man. 



For the New England Fanner. 



IMPERFECTIONS. 



Mr. Editor : — Having been a subscriber to your 

 paper for more than one year, I am free to say that 

 I know of no monthly publication which, in my 

 opinion, is doing an equal amount of good. Yet, 

 I would beg leave to say that in my judgment it 

 might be made far better, without any additional 

 cost. I refer to the fact, that the Post Office ad- 

 dress of very many of your correspondents is omit- 

 ted, which to me is a great loss. The cause becomes 

 quite apparent, from the least reflection. Public 

 discussion upon agricultural matters, all agree, 

 is of vast importance, and it is pleasing to know 

 that numei'ous clubs, or associations, have been 

 formed in most of the New England States for the 

 laudable purpose of diffusing useful knowledge upon 

 this important branch of industry. It is, however, 

 to be regretted that the great majority of those en- 

 gaged in agricultural pursuits cannot, or do not, 

 participate in the great benefits to be derived from 

 these meetings. 



Some, indeed, seem to have so large a "bump" 

 of self-conceit, that they icill not he taught, while 

 others aim with great care to do as did their fath- 

 ers. There is, however, a large class who are aim- 

 ing at improvements. They are not satisfied Avith 

 present attainments, but regard the experience and 

 experiments of others as worthy of their notice ; 

 consequently, they seek to learn by means of the 

 press what others say upon these matters in which 

 they are so deeply interested. It is, however, ob- 

 vious that few printed communications on agricul- 

 tural subjects are so explicit as to require no addi- 

 tional explanations. This defect, if it exist, can 

 only be su])plied by means of epistolary correspon- 

 dence through the post-office. Hence, I trust, all 

 \nil see the importance of having the post-office ad- 

 dress clearly attached to the names of those who 

 are contributing so largely to the colums of a work 

 so universally popular and reliable as the JVeio 

 England Farmer. Solomon Steele. 



Derby Line, Vt.,Feb., 1856. 



For the Netc England Farmer 



THE PAST WINTER, 



AyrD THE \-ERMONT CENTRAL RAILROAD. 



Mr. Farmer : — Some thirty years since a Ger- 

 man Duke travelled through a portion of Canada 

 and "the States," and puljlished his two volumes of 

 travels on his return. Of Vermont, he said, " Ihe 

 women of Vermont are very fat, have yellow hair, 

 and all smoke." It seems he passed through Lake 

 Champlain, did not land, and only saw some emi- 

 grants on one of our wharves, just from the ould 

 counthrie. This statement is much like your New 

 Hampshire correspondent's, published in your pa- 

 per of the 3d inst. 



In my statement of weather, &c., dated Feb. 11, 

 I said, "The trains on the Central Railroad, from 

 Windsor 07i (printed over) Connecticut River to 

 Burlington on Lake Champlain, have not lost a 

 trij), nor have they been delayed so as to be more 

 than fifteen minutes behind making time on this 

 rond — sometimes late caused by non-arrival of 

 trains on connecting roads." 



The data for this and the Vermont and Canada 

 road was taken at the office of the Central road ob 



