1859. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



271 



vegetation process developes itself, and so on until 

 it reaches maturity. Or let them take a bud, and 

 show them how the leaves that are to shade them 

 this year, were folded up and hermetically sealed 

 last fall, to preserve them through the long, cold 

 •winter, and how they break their encasement and 

 expand in early spring. A few short talks and 

 illustrations will get up an interest that will grow 

 and increase like the growth and increase of the 

 plants they delineate, until a beautiful tree of 

 knowledge, bearing flowers, leaves and fruit, will 

 appear to gladden its possessor. W. Bacon. 

 Biclimond, Mass., April 9, 1859. 



Remarks. — The publishers of these excellent 

 works do not seem to appreciate what would be 

 greatly for their interest, by neglecting to secure 

 a notice of them through proper channels. 



THE NB^W BREAD AND MILK LAWS. 



It is known to most of our readers that our 

 Legislature has attempted to secure to the people 

 of the Commonwealth pure milk, good measure, 

 and bread of full weight. The acts relating to 

 these subjects are of such general interest, that 

 we copy them in full. The following is the act to 

 punish fraud by the sale of adulterated milk, and 

 to provide for sealing measures to be used in the 

 sale of milk : 



Section 1. The Mayor and Aldermen of the sev- 

 eral cities in this Commonwealth shall, and the Se- 

 lectmen of the several towns may, annually ap- 

 point one or more Inspectors of Milk, whose duty 

 it shall be to prosecute all violations of the law 

 against the adulteration of milk, and who shall 

 have power to enter all places where milk is stored 

 or kept for sale, and whenever he has reason to be- 

 lieve the same in any way adulterated, he shall 

 take specimens of the same and cause them to be 

 analyzed or otherwise satisfactorily tested, the re- 

 eult of which he shall preserve as evidence against 

 the parties complained of. 



Sec. 2. Said inspectors shall keep an office and 

 books, for the purpose of recording the names and 

 places of business of all persons engaged in the sale 

 of milk within their respective limits ; and any per- 

 son who shall presume to engage in the business 

 of selling milk without first causing his name and 

 place of business to be recorded upon the books 

 of the inspector of milk, and his name legibly 

 placed upon all carriages used by him in the con- 

 veyance of milk, shall be subject to the same pen- 

 alties as if convicted of the adulteration of milk, 

 as providedin the two hundred and twenty-second 

 chapter of the acts of the year eighteen hundred 

 and tifty-six. 



Sec. 3. Inspectors appointed pursuant to the pro- 

 visions of section first of this act, shall, before en- 

 tering upon the duties of their ofHce, be sworn to 

 the faithful enforcement of the provisions of this 

 act, and shall also give public notice of thiir aj)- 

 pointment, br publishing the same two weeks in 

 some newspaper published in the city or town in 

 which they hold their place of business, and if i o 

 newspaper is published in such town, by posting 

 in public and conspicuous places in said town, two 

 or more such notices; and they shall receive such 

 compensation for their services, as the Mayor and 

 Aldermen of the several cities, and the Selectmen 

 of the several towns, shall determine. 



Sec. 4. Milk shall be bought and sold by wine 

 measure. All persons engaged in the sale of milk 

 shall annually, in the month of May, cause to be 

 sealed by the sealer of weights and measures in 

 their respective cities and towns, all vessels used 

 by them in the sale or buying at wholesale of milk, 

 by wine measure, and all cans used in the sale of 

 milk shall be sealed by said sealer of weights and 

 measures at a price not exceeding two cents each 

 at the amount which they severally hold by wine 

 measure, and any person who shall fail to comply 

 with the provisions of the law requiring all meas- 

 ures to be sealed, or shall buy or sell at wholesale, 

 milk by any other measure than wine measute, or 

 shall sell adulterated or unwholesome milk, shall 

 be held guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convic- 

 tion thereof by a court of competent jurisdiction, 

 shall forfeit to the use of the complainant a sum 

 not exceeding twenty dollars. 



Sec. 5. No person shall offer for sale in this 

 Commonwealth, milk produced from cows fed up- 

 on the refuse of brewcrif-s or distilleries, or any 

 other substance which may be deleterious to the 

 quality of the milk, under a penalty of ten dollars 

 for each offence. 



Approved April 6, 1859. 



The following is the act passed by the Legisla- 

 ture, regulating the manufacture and sale of 

 bread : 



Section 1. A loaf of bread shall be two pounds 

 in weight ; and bread may be baked and sold in 

 loaves, half, three-quarter and quarter loaves, but 

 not otherwise, except in bread composed in chief 

 part of rye, or maize. 



Sec. 2. Small rolls and fancy bread weighing 

 less than one-quarter of a pound each, may be 

 baked and sold without regard to weight. 



Sec. 3. In every shop or place where bread is 

 sold by retail, and in each front window thereof, 

 there shall be conspicuously placed, a card, on 

 which shall be legibly printed a list of the different 

 kinds and qualities of loaves sold there, with the 

 price of each per loaf, and half, three-quarter and 

 quarter loaf. 



Sec. 4. All bread, except small rolls and fancy 

 bread of less than a quarter of a poui d each, sold 

 in any shop or place, shall be weighed in the pres- 

 ence of the buyer, and if found deficient in Avcight, 

 bread shall be added to make up the weight re- 

 quired by law. 



Sec. 5. Any person who shall violate any of the 

 provisions of this act, shall forfeit for each offence, 

 the sum of ten dollars, to be recovered in an actio 

 of tort to the use of the party suing therefor. 



Approved April 5, 18.59. 



JACOB STKAWK", THE GIANT FAKMEB 

 OF THE WEST. 



Twenty-seven years ago, Mr. Strawn came to 

 this State a poor man. His operations were small 

 at first, but continued to increase each year, un- 

 til be had reduced over o(),()(){) acres of land to a 

 state of cultivation. He has one farm of 7,800 

 acres, and another of 10.000. He has usually em- 

 ployed from 200 to oOO men, and a large ntunber 

 of horses. Every year until quite recently, he 

 has stalled from*5,000 to 0.000 head of cattle, 

 and kept other live stock in ])r()portionate num- 

 bers. In this twenty-seven years he has made a 

 fcu'tune of a million of dollars, and he is still hale 

 and vigorous to enjoy it. He has one corn field 

 in Morgan county, nearly six miles long, but has 



