454 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Oct. 



FOOD FOB, cows 



We would commend the foUowint 



I turf, in the same manner that coal-kilns are cov- 

 article to''"'"^'^" "^^"^ ^^^ ^^'^ '" ^ shoi't time effect the en- 



, , n , f 1 1 1 .1 tire destruction of the stumps — even the lone 



the perus.l of those of our readers who have the jj^^^^.^j ^oots-unless the soil is very humid, in 

 care of cows, as it presents many important sug-j^hjc^ case the burning should be undertaken 

 gestions to which they will assuredly find it forjduring the dry weather of summei. If the dirt 

 their interest to attend. With those who are fa- 1 is excavated a few weeks before the burning is 



CllABERT and'""^^'^''^'^^"' '■h^ operation will be more speedily 

 effected. The ashes produced by the combustion 

 will afford an excellent stimulus for the soil, and 



miliar with the writings of M 



with his exalted character and high standing as 



a scholar, any commendation from our pen, fur- 



should be carefully a')plied as soon as the opera- 



ther than to bespeak attention to the sul;ject,,tion is completed. But in all cases where eradi- 



cation by pulling is practicable, the stump ma- 

 chine should be used. — Gerinantown Telegraph. 



•would be superfluous. 



•'M. Chabert, the director of the Veterinarian 

 School at Alford, England, had a number of cows 



which yielded twelve gallons of milk each day. For the Neip England Farmer. 



In his able publication on this subject he observes BETTERS FROM MAmE-No. 5. 



that cows ted in winter on dry substances alone, 

 yield less milk than those that are kept on a More Apple Tree Philosophy— Time of Pruning'— Close Cutting 



'' ,. . 11 iV I .V • „'ii 1 „ ' ^ u Best — Why — How Nature Prunes, &c, 



green diet, and also that their milk loses much ■' 



of Its good quality. He published the following In pruning apple trees, in high northern lati- 

 recipe, by the use of which his cows afforded tudes, too much interference with nature must 

 him an equal quantity and quality of milk during I not be presumed upon. Nature ever strives to 

 the v;inter as during the summer. 'keep the proper balance between root and top, 



Take a bushel of potatoes ; break them whilst' and in pruning or grafting it is dangerous to des- 

 raw, place them in a barrel standing up, putting stroy that balance by depriving the top of its 

 in successively a layer of bran, and a small quan- j leaf-bearing twigs, to any great extent, at any one 

 tity of yeast in the middle of the mass, which is time. I do not regard the time of pruning as a 

 to be left there to ferment during a whole week, question of so much importance as some of the 

 and vt'hen the vinous taste has pervaded the whole \ correspondents of the Farmer seem to attach to 

 mixture, it is then given to the cows, who eat it it. Probably the worst season for pruning is be- 

 greedily." tween the middle of July and the fall of the leaf, 



We are inclined to think the present practices ^8 all the leaves are then needed to mature the 

 , ^ ,. .^1 • • » e c V. • ! sap for Winter, 



of feeding cattle in winter are far from being, ^^.^^.^^^j „,^,g,,.^tjo„ ^^^ convinced me that 



strictly economical, and will continue to be, so] j^ p^-^ning, branches cannot be cut too closely, 

 long as they are fed entirely on crude food — on A dead, projecting knot is a dangerous append- 

 hay unchaffed, and on roots and grain uncooked.' age to a tree ; as the sap which is left out of the 

 Hay cut and moistened with warm water, and i'-ange of circulation be^comes soured, and poison- 

 ,''... ,, ,•, p J ^ ous to the tree, and when forced out of the dead 



mixed with a very small quantity of rasped roots ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ,^^, ^^^ pressure of the circulating 



potatoes, carrots, beets, turnips, parsnips, pump-; ^gp below it, it has the effect of coloring the bark 

 kins or apples, will go twice as far as when fed! black, giving rise to the mistaken notion that 

 in its long state. Beside, the cutting will enable! sap sometimes bleeds out of the living wood when 



the feeder to use up his rough fodder to goodi^^"""^'^* . . ,, . , , r 



, 1 • ,, , c ^\ Nature sometimes trims living branches from 



advantage-his stalks, poor hay, straw, &c., and , ^^,^^^^ -^^ ^j^^ ^j^^^^j. ^^, pressure of snow or weight 



to keep more stock, and in better condition than of ice, and in autumn by the weight of fruit on 



he could possibly by adhering to the old system! the branches. In both cases the whole knot is 



of feedin". 1 split out of the tree, making a large, deep wound. 



Steaming is another means of economizing l^^.t ""^ which generally heals rapidly, with less 

 „ , , ,. , . ■ , • ,• miury to the tree than commonly follows sawing 



food, and one which is overcoming the prejudices ^^.^l^j.^^pj,^ ^^^^^.^ therefore tells us that if 

 with which its introduction was attended. j ^e trim close, the season of the year is of no ma- 



A friend of ours made an experiment by feed-;terial importance, 

 ing his milch cows for an entire winter upon hatf In my fruit culture operations it took me a long 

 tea-le^ made by steeping hay in hot water in' ^^"^^ ^o learp the necessity of a large quantity of 

 •' c o J leaves. It is true that trimming away halt the 

 the same manner that the fragrant leaf from thej^jj-anches on a growing tree will have the effect 

 Celestial Empire is prepared for our social cup | of forcing larger quantities of sap into the re- 

 of tea. jmaining branches, and compelling them to make 

 a larger growth. But it must not be inferred 



Eradication of Stumps. — Where it is neces-ifrom this fact that the tree suffers no loss ; for, 

 sary to remove large stumps, under circumstan- in such instances all, or nearly all the growth 

 ces' which render it impracticable to avail one's will be on the top, the roots remaining stationary 

 self of the assistance of a "stump machine," the till the original balance is restored. Nature's 

 work miy be successfully accomplished hy burn- efforts are always directed towards restoring the 

 ing. Th.is is done liy digfiing under thtm. filling natural balance between top and root, and depriv- 

 the cavity with combuirtihie materials, and cov-' ing a tree of superfluous, leaf-bearing branches 

 ering the stump, after firing the materials, with' — though sometimes necessary— always retards 



