6 



vogue at that time, but now kuowu to be quite useless for purifying 

 the air, being so long and sinuous that the air did not circulate in 

 them at all, except under vei-y favorable conditions, and these con- 

 ditions rarely existed when the needs of the animals for exchange of 

 air were the greatest. 



The portion of the building occupied by animals was over the cellar 

 and directly beneath the part used for the storage of fodder. There 

 were scuttles in the flooi', through which the excrement was dropped 

 into the cellar, and openings in the ceiling connecting the stable with 

 the part above used for storage purposes. The openings in the 

 ceiling served as chutes through which the hay, etc., was carried 

 below. This arrangement was not conducive to the mainlenance of 

 good health, for with insufhcient ventilation of both cellar and stable, 

 the gases generated in the cellar from the decomposition of the excre- 

 ment passed through the openings in the floor to the part occupied 

 by the cattle and from there with other impurities from the animals 

 themselves to the building above, used for storage purposes. In con- 

 sequence of this the animals were, when in the stable surrounded by 

 an atmosphere filled with the noxious gases coming from their 

 decomposing excrement and their own bodies, while the fodder above 

 soon became contaminated with these same impurities. 



The mangers in this- stable, from a sanitary point of view, were 

 very objectionable. They were box-like in shape with high fronts 

 and with no provision for proper cleaning. They presented a large 

 amount of surface and being constructed of board there were many 

 open joints, cracks and corners not easily reached, in which food 

 collected. 



The cracks and crevices about the mangers as well as in the floors, 

 walls and ceiling, made excellent places for the lodgment of germ- 

 laden dust, which could in no way be removed nor rendered harmless 

 by the use of disinfecting fluids or washes. 



The general arrangement and the relation to ailjoining buildings 

 were bad. Extending east and west with main openings to the part 

 above in the ends, reached in the one case by an elevated road-way 

 built of earth and in the other by a trestle-like structure, the con- 

 struction of a high wall was necessitated as mentioned in the reference 

 to the root cellar. All of the windows with one or two exceptions 

 were on the north and south sides. These with the doors on the south 

 side served for the admission of both light and air. As before men- 

 tioned the door on the south side opened into a yard one hundred by 



