14 



their eggs aud two weeks more are required for these eggs to develop ; 

 consequently few could have hatched before the middle of September, 

 and as the growth of the caterpillars at this season of the year would 

 necessarily be slow, the chances are very much against a second 

 brood passing through all its transformations. The natural inference, 

 then, is that the eggs (or young larvae) which pass the winter arise 

 from the summer brood. 



REMEDIAI> MKASIjUES. 



On the upland there are many ways of checking the advance of the 

 Army Worm. The simplest of these where the soil is stiff or clayey 

 is to plow a deep furrow around the infested fields with the straight 

 side towards the part to be protected ; th(> caterpillars, not being 

 able to crawl by the furrow, can be easily scraped into holes and 

 buried. If holes be made with a crow-bar at short intervals in the 

 furrow, numbers of the caterpillars will fall into them and may there 

 be crushed Avith little trouble. In case of very large armies it might 

 be necessary to plow several successive furrows, the earth from each 

 burying the caterpillars trapped in the one before it. Another simple 

 way is to spray the grass ahead of the caterpillars with Paris green, 

 and another to run a hetiv}^ loller over the ground. ]Sone of these 

 methods would answer on a cranberry bog; the first, because of the 

 nature of the surface, the second because the caterpillars eat so little 

 of the cranberry foliage, and the third because of the wiry nature of 

 the vines. A fourth method, that of placing obstructions in the line 

 of maich, is more applicable. These obstructions are best made of 

 planks or fence rails placed on edge, end to end, and close to the 

 ground so as to leave no openings beneath. This barrier is then 

 thickly smear* d with coal tar or even kerosene. If care is taken to 

 prevent the caterpillars from piling up even with the top of the 

 boards and thus forming a bridge for those behind, this method 

 proves quite effectual Wide, water-filled ditches on a bog, are, 

 however, the surest means of stopping them, although a few, when 

 the army is very large, may drift across the stream and become 

 lodged on the further ^ide without drowning. 



It is a fact often commented on that fields which are burned over 

 in the winter are always quite free from the Army AVorm. This is 

 true no matter in which stage the insect hibernates ; and as the ben- 

 efit derived by the destruction of other injurious insects is also very 



