period of time. When the larvae have finished feeding they crawl 

 down the trunk of the tree in search of a place to pupate. The 

 ground at the base of the tree jippears to be the normal place for 

 pupation, though many transform in crevices of the bark before 

 reaching the ground, while others drop from the limbs, especially 

 when they bend down near the ground. 



The pupa (Fig. 1, J.) is uniform light yellow, oval in shape, more 

 rounded on the back than on the ventral side and is considerably 

 shorter and broader than the full grown larva. 



In from six to ten days the perfect beetles emerge, and, after 

 feeding on the leaves for a short time, seek their winter quarters 

 where they remain till the following spring. The perfect beetle 

 averages about a quarter of an inch in length and is yellowish brown 

 in color, with three more or less apparent longitudinal, blackish 

 stripes on the back. Farther south there are two distinct broods of 

 the insect each year, but in our latitude it is not probable that there 

 is more than one, though a partial second brood may occur. 



KEMKDIAL MEASURES. 



In fighting these insects we may follow two lines of operation 

 according as they are few in number or abundant. Where there are 

 but few it may be as well to watch for and kill the pupae at the base 

 of the trees. This is of great importance since the larvae from a 

 few beetles, if allowed to lay their eggs, will do much damage. The 

 loose bark of the trunk and larger limbs should be scraped off, that 

 as many of the insects as possible may descend to the ground, and 

 ihen once in four or five days those which have collected should be 

 killed. This may be done by hand, where they are only scattering, 

 or by the application of some contact insecticide, as boiling water, or 

 kerosene emulsion diluted four times. If individiuil tree owners 

 would care for their trees in the manner outlined, a great deal might 

 be done to chock the advance of this pest. Where the insects are 

 numerous, more active measures must be adopted. If anything like 

 thorough work is desired, it is of great importance to kill the beetles 

 themselves when they first appear on the trees in the spring. 



In a paper by INIr, C. L. Marlatt, Assistant United States Ento- 

 mologist, read before the meeting of the Association of Economic 

 Entomologists held at Springfield last September, it is stated that an 

 application of arsenate of lead, at the rate of one pound to aboui 

 nine gallons of water, made as soon as the leaves began to develop. 



